Login Register Cart 0
Review Article

A Comprehensive Review on Pellets as a Dosage Form in Pharmaceuticals

Author(s): Maithri S. Handattu, Shailesh Thirumaleshwar*, Gowrav M. Prakash, Hemanth K. Somareddy and Gangadharappa H. Veerabhadrappa

Volume 22, Issue 10, 2021

Published on: 20 January, 2021

Page: [1183 - 1195] Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/1389450122999210120204248

Price: $65

Abstract

Oral route of administration is widely accepted and desired because of its versatility, convenience, and, most importantly, patient compliance. Multiparticulate systems like granules and pellets are more advantageous when compared to single-unit dosage forms, as they are capable of distributing the drug more evenly in the gastrointestinal tract. The current paper focuses on pellets, the merits and demerits associated, various pelletization techniques, and their characterization. It also focuses on how pellets can be employed for drug delivery is controlled and sustained release formulations. It gives a complete emphasis on the drug and excipients that can be used in pellet formation, the marketed formulations, and the research pertaining to pellets.

Keywords: Pellet, Multiple-unit dosage form, Pelletization techniques, Flow property, Immediate release, Sustained release.

« Previous
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Debotton N, Dahan A. Applications of polymers as pharmaceutical excipients in solid oral dosage forms. Med Res Rev 2017; 37(1): 52-97.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21403] [PMID: 27502146]
[2]
Ramu S, Ramakrishna G, Balaji M, Kondala K, Haranadh S. Multiple unit drug delivery system: pelletization techniques. Am J Adv Drug Deliv 2013; 1(1): 11-21.
[3]
Aleksovski A, Dreu R, Gašperlin M, Planinšek O. Mini-tablets: a contemporary system for oral drug delivery in targeted patient groups. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12(1): 65-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2014.951633] [PMID: 25200881]
[4]
Chen T, Li J, Chen T, Sun CC, Zheng Y. Tablets of multi-unit pellet system for controlled drug delivery. J Control Release 2017; 262: 222-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.043] [PMID: 28774838]
[5]
Dukić-Ott A, Thommes M, Remon JP, Kleinebudde P, Vervaet C. Production of pellets via extrusion-spheronisation without the incorporation of microcrystalline cellulose: a critical review. Eur J Pharm Biopharm Off J Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharm Verfahrenstechnik eV 2009; 71(1): 38-46.
[6]
Malkin R. On site service factor works for minetec. AusIMM Bulletin 2006.
[7]
Rashmitha NM, Somashekhar CN, Mani TT. Pellets and Pelletization. World J Pharm Pharm Sci 2018; 7(10): 1570-80.
[8]
Patel HP, Patel JK, Patel RR, Patel MP. Pellets: A general overview. Int J Curr Res Rev 2010; 2(6): 21-31.www.ijcrr.com
[9]
Ahir AA, Mali SS, Hajare AA, Bhagwat DA, Patrekar PV. Pelletization technology: Methods and applications - A review. Res J Pharm Technol 2015; 8(2): 131-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00023.2]
[10]
Tunón A, Börjesson E, Frenning G, Alderborn G. Drug release from reservoir pellets compacted with some excipients of different physical properties. Eur J Pharm Sci 2003; 20(4-5): 469-79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2003.09.009] [PMID: 14659491]
[11]
Sawicki W, Łunio R. Compressibility of floating pellets with verapamil hydrochloride coated with dispersion Kollicoat SR 30 D. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2005; 60(1): 153-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.11.003] [PMID: 15848067]
[12]
Deb R, Ahmed AB. Pellets and Pelletization Techniques: a Critical Review. Int Res J Pharm 2016; 4(4): 90-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.04414]
[13]
Hirjau M, Nicoara AC, Hirjau V, Lupuleasa D. Pelletization techniques used in pharmaceutical fields. Pract Farm 2011; 4(3-4): 206-11.http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/E-EPT3-100200034
[14]
Clarke GM, Newton JM, Short MB. Comparative gastrointestinal transit of pellet systems of varying density. Int J Pharm 1995; 114(1): 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(94)00200-O]
[15]
O’connor R, Schwartz J, Spheronization II. Drug release from drug-diluent mixtures. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 11: 1837-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639048509057702]
[16]
Fielden KE, Newton JM, Rowe RC. The influence of moisture content on spheronization of extrudate processed by a ram extruder. Int J Pharm 1993; 97(1–3): 79-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(93)90128-3]
[17]
Digenis G. The in vivo behavior of multiparticulate versus single-unit dose formulations. CAPSUGEL 1994; 333-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14855-14]
[18]
Korakianiti ES, Rekkas DM, Dallas PP, Choulis NH. Optimization of the pelletization process in a fluid-bed rotor granulator using experimental design. AAPS PharmSciTech 2000; 1(4)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt010435] [PMID: 14727900]
[19]
Flament MP, Dupont G, Leterme P, Farah N, Gayot A. Development of 400 microm pellets by extrusion-spheronization: application with Gelucire 50/02 to produce a “sprinkle” form. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2004; 30(1): 43-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/DDC-120027510] [PMID: 15000429]
[20]
RB A, GN S, CHANDY Va. Study on Different Pellet Formation Techniques and Its Evaluation Parameters-a Review. Int J Curr Pharm Res 2019; 11(2): 7-13.
[21]
Vamshi KT, Reddy MS. Formulation and evaluation Ofenteric coated pellets of Rifampicin and Isoniazid with improved Rifampicin stability. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2014; 7: 154-6.
[22]
Supriya P, Rajni B, Rana AC. Pelletization Techniques: a Literature Review. Int Res J Pharm 2012; 3(3): 43-7.
[23]
Review A. Int J Res Pharm Chem 2017; 7(2): 141-7.www.ijrpc.com/files/12-04-17/02.pdf
[24]
Politis SN, Rekkas DM. Pelletization processes for pharmaceutical applications: a patent review. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul 2011; 5(1): 61-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187221111794109493] [PMID: 21143125]
[25]
Sirisha VRK, Sri KV, Suresh K, et al. Review of pellets and pelletization process - a multiparticulate drug delivery system. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2013; 4(6): 2145-58.
[26]
Hede PD. Advanced granulation theory at particle level. Ventusdk 2006; 1-62.https://www.mobt3ath.com/uplode/book/book-22287.pdf
[27]
Kammili L. Pelletization Technology : a Quick Review. Ijpsr 2011; 2(6): 1337-55.
[28]
Kristensen HG, Schaefer T. Granulation: A review on pharmaceutical wet-granulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1987; 13(4-5): 803-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639048709105217]
[29]
Kumari MH, Samatha K, Balaji A, Uma Shankar MS. Recent novel advandcements in pellet formulation: A review. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2013; 4(10): 3803-22.http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L370177114%5Cnhttp://www.ijpsr.com/V4I10/12
[30]
Muley S, Nandgude T, Poddar S. Extrusion–spheronization a promising pelletization technique: In-depth review. Asian J Pharm Sci [Internet] 2016; 11(6): 684-99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2016.08.001]
[31]
Bhaskaran S, Lakshmi PK. Extrusion spheronization -A review. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2010; 2(4): 2429-33.
[32]
Kandukuri JM, Allenki V, Eaga CM, Keshetty V, Jannu KK. Pelletization techniques for oral drug delivery. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res 2009; 1(2): 63-70. www.ijpsdr.com
[33]
Gupta AM, Shivhare UD, Suruse PB. Different aspects of pellets formulation and their evaluation. Int J Pharm Phytopharm Res 2015; 4(6): 331-6.
[34]
Hamdani J, Moës AJ, Amighi K. Development and evaluation of prolonged release pellets obtained by the melt pelletization process. Int J Pharm 2002; 245(1-2): 167-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(02)00348-4] [PMID: 12270253]
[35]
Kadam V, Gattani S. Effect of curing time on ph and time dependant coated pellets. Int J Heal Res 2010; 9: 2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijhr.v2i1.55394]
[36]
Rao BS. Studies on release of rifampicin from sintered matrix tablets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2001; 63: 371-8.
[37]
Aitken-Nichol C, Zhang F, McGinity JW. Hot melt extrusion of acrylic films. Pharm Res 1996; 13(5): 804-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016076306279] [PMID: 8860442]
[38]
Repka MA, Gerding TG, Repka SL, McGinity JW. Influence of plasticizers and drugs on the physical-mechanical properties of hydroxypropylcellulose films prepared by hot melt extrusion. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1999; 25(5): 625-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/DDC-100102218] [PMID: 10219532]
[39]
Swarbrick J, Boylan JC. Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical technology. CRC Press 2000; 20.(supplement 3)
[40]
Cheboyina S, Chambliss WG, Wyandt CM. A novel freeze pelletization technique for preparing matrix pellets. Pharm Technol 2004; 28(10): 98-110.
[41]
Aher U, Shelke T, Patel E. Recently used technologies in Pellet Formulation - A Review. PharmaTutor 2017; 5(7): 22-30.https://www.pharmatutor.org/articles/recently-used-technologiesin-pellet-formulation-a-review
[42]
Shaikh DM, Shende MA, Shaikh AM. Formulation development and evaluation of gastro retentive mucoadhesive tablets using synthetic polymers. Int J Res Pharm Biomed Sci 2013; 4(4): 1264-71.
[43]
Gurram RK, Gandra S, Shastri NR. Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 84: 146-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2016.01.021] [PMID: 26812204]
[44]
Roblegg E, Ulbing S, Zeissmann S, Zimmer A. Development of lipophilic calcium stearate pellets using ibuprofen as model drug. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 75(1): 56-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.01.005] [PMID: 20080179]
[45]
Hadi MA, Avanapu SR. Development of a Novel Enteric Coated Extended Release Pellets using Model NSAID Flurbiprofen 2015.
[46]
Speer I, Lenhart V, Preis M, Breitkreutz J. Prolonged release from orodispersible films by incorporation of diclofenac-loaded micropellets. Int J Pharm 2019; 554(554): 149-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.013] [PMID: 30414477]
[47]
Vanitha K, Venkataswamy M, Niharika S, Ramesh A. Formulation Development and Evaluation of Mebeverine extended release Pellets. Asian J Pharm Technol 2018; 8(2): 71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2231-5713.2018.00011.9]
[48]
Bae J, Park JW. Formulation and pharmacokinetic evaluation of controlled-release oxybutynin tablets in dogs. Trop J Pharm Res 2015; 14(3): 363-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v14i3.2]
[49]
Han X, Wang L, Sun Y, et al. Preparation and evaluation of sustained-release diltiazem hydrochloride pellets. Asian J Pharm Sci [Internet] 2013; 8(4): 244-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2013.09.007]
[50]
Xu Y-C, Wang H-G. Study of isosorbide dinitrate sustained release matrix pellets prescription screening and drug release mechanism. Chin J Antibiot 2014; 8: 615-9.
[51]
Radha GV, Trideva Sastri K, Manaswini N, Likhitha B. Formulation development and evaluation of sustained release gastroretentive tablet of emtricitabine. Int J Appl Pharm 2019; 11(5): 236-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019v11i5.34840]
[52]
Battu S, Yalavarthi PR, Subba Reddy GV, Uma Maheswara Rao V, Jyothshna Devi K, Vadlamudi HC. Design and assessment of pulsatile technology based chronomodulated delivery systems of nifedipine. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci [Internet] 2018; 7(4): 441-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjbas.2018.03.012]
[53]
Zeeshan F, Bukhari NI. Development and evaluation of a novel modified-release pellet-based tablet system for the delivery of loratadine and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride as model drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2010; 11(2): 910-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-010-9456-2] [PMID: 20496016]
[54]
Bruce LD, Koleng JJ, McGinity JW. The influence of polymeric subcoats and pellet formulation on the release of chlorpheniramine maleate from enteric coated pellets. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2003; 29(8): 909-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/DDC-120024187] [PMID: 14570312]
[55]
Jedinger N, Schrank S, Fischer JM, Breinhälter K, Khinast J, Roblegg E. Development of an abuse- and alcohol-resistant formulation based on hot-melt extrusion and film coating. AAPS PharmSciTech 2016; 17(1): 68-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-015-0373-2] [PMID: 26206403]
[56]
Kushare SU, Phatak AA, Chaudhari PD. Development and evaluation of a novel modified release pellet-based system for the delivery of desloratadine and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride. Asian J Pharm 2011; 5(4): 203-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-8398.97111]
[57]
Zhu L, Kumar V, Banker GS. Examination of aqueous oxidized cellulose dispersions as a potential drug carrier. II. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of phenylpropanolamine release from microparticles and pellets. AAPS PharmSciTech 2004; 5(4)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt050470] [PMID: 15760067]
[58]
Chakravarthy KK, Younus M, Shaik S, Pisipati SVV. Formulation and evaluation of enteric coated pellets of omeprazole. Int J Drug Dev Res 2012; 4(4): 257-64.
[59]
Uthirapathy S. Formulation and characterization of lansoprazole dr pellets by fluid bed coating technique 2017.
[60]
Fan R, Sun Y, Li B, Yang R, Ma W, Sun J. Preparation and stability investigation of tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release pellets containing acrylic resin polymers with two different techniques. Asian J Pharm Sci 2017; 12(2): 193-201.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2016.09.003] [PMID: 32104330]
[61]
Akhgari A, Abbaspour MR, Pirmoradi S. Preparation and evaluation of pellets using acacia and tragacanth by extrusion-spheronization. Daru 2011; 19(6): 417-23.
[PMID: 23008687]
[62]
Chaudhari PM, Chaudhari PD. Formulation and evaluation of multiparticulate system for chronotherapeutic delivery of salbutamol sulphate. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2012; 4(Suppl. 1): S71-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.94144] [PMID: 23066213]
[63]
Bajwa PS, Sharma J, Sharma S, Bhargava A. Development and In vitro-in vivo characterization of chronomodulated multi-particulate drug delivery system of Terbutaline sulphate for treatment of nocturnal asthma by box-Behnken statistical design. J Appl Pharm Sci 2017; 7(11): 33-42.
[64]
Sreelesh B, Avari J, Nagpal M. Multiparticulate enteric coated formulation of chloroquine phosphate for better patient compliance. Int. J Chem Sci 2010; 8(4): 2386-94.
[65]
Kapoor B, Subbarao G. Formulation development and characterization of itraconazole granules. Int J Pharm Sci Nanotechnol 2011; 4 10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.3.9.
[66]
Park ES, Lee DS, Kwon SY, Chi SC. A new formulation of controlled release amitriptyline pellets and its in vivo/in vitro assessments. Arch Pharm Res 2003; 26(7): 569-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02976883] [PMID: 12934651]
[67]
Cheng G, An F, Zou MJ, Sun J, Hao XH, He YX. Time- and pH-dependent colon-specific drug delivery for orally administered diclofenac sodium and 5-aminosalicylic acid. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10(12): 1769-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v10.i12.1769] [PMID: 15188503]
[68]
Wang L, Wang J, Lin X, Tang X. Preparation and in vitro evaluation of gliclazide sustained-release matrix pellets: formulation and storage stability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36(7): 814-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639040903520967] [PMID: 20345281]
[69]
K K, NV Gupta, Gowda D, Sivadasu P. Formulation of immediate release (Ir) atorvastatin calcium pellets and sustained release (sr) glibenclamide for fixed-dose combination dosage form. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2018; 11: 159.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.26629]
[70]
Mehmood Y. Combination of allopurinol ’ and sustained release diclofenac sodium for treatment of gout. Int J Sci Res (Ahmedabad) 2014; 3(5): 46-52.
[71]
Judson GJ, Babidge PJ, Vawser MJ, Chen ZH, Sansom LN. Long acting vitamin B12 pellet for preventing cobalt deficiency. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2000; 13(Suppl. 1): 154.
[72]
Cunha TA, Serpa RC, de Oliveira APM, et al. Effect of stearic acid on enalapril stability and dissolution from multiparticulate solid dosage forms. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14(3): 1150-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-013-0006-6] [PMID: 23897034]
[73]
Fielden KE, Newton JM, Rowe RC. Movement of liquids through powder beds. Int J Pharm 1992; 79(1): 47-60.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037851739290092G
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(92)90092-G]
[74]
Mesiha MS, Valltés J. A screening study of lubricants in wet powder masses suitable for extrusion-spheronization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1993; 19(8): 943-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639049309062993]
[75]
Marvola M, Nykänen P, Rautio S, Isonen N, Autere A. Enteric polymers as binders and coating materials in multiple-unit site-specific drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci 1999; 7(3): 259-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-0987(98)00032-3] [PMID: 9845814]
[76]
Podczeck F, Newton JM. A shape factor to characterize the quality of spheroids. J Pharm Pharmacol 1994; 46(2): 82-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1994.tb03745.x] [PMID: 8021810]
[77]
Newton JM, Chapman SR, Rowe RC. The influence of process variables on the preparation and properties of spherical granules by the process of extrusion and spheronisation. Int J Pharm 1995; 120(1): 101-9.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378517394004277
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(94)00427-7]
[78]
Harrison PJ, Newton JM, Rowe RC. The characterization of wet powder masses suitable for extrusion/spheronization. J Pharm Pharmacol 1985; 37(10): 686-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb04943.x] [PMID: 2867135]
[79]
Noche C, Huet de Barochez B, Brossard C, Horvath S. Optimizing the manufacturing process for controlled release pellets. Pharmaceutical Technology Europe 1994; 6: 39.
[80]
Abhishek P. Formulation and evaluation of metoprolol succinate extended release pellets. Doctoral dissertation, JKK Munirajah Medical Research Foundation College of Pharmacy: Komarapalayam 2012.
[81]
Woodruff CW, Nuessle NO. Effect of processing variables on particles obtained by extrusion-spheronization processing. J Pharm Sci 1972; 61(5): 787-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600610525] [PMID: 5035792]
[82]
Cheboyina S, Wyandt CM. Wax-based sustained release matrix pellets prepared by a novel freeze pelletization technique I. Formulation and process variables affecting pellet characteristics. Int J Pharm 2008; 359(1-2): 158-66.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037851730800269X
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.011] [PMID: 18499369]
[83]
Ravella VN, Nadendla RR, Kesari NC. Design and evaluation of sustained release pellets of aceclofenac. J Pharm Res 2013; 6(5): 525-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jopr.2013.04.040]
[84]
Puranik PK, Khan FM. Formulation and evaluation of Aceclofenac loaded SR matrix pellets: Extrusion spheronization. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013; 5(Suppl. 3): 781-9.
[85]
Sachdeva V, Alam MS, Kumar R, Kataria MK. Oral multiunit pellet extended release dosage form: A review. Int Curr Pharm J 2013; 2(10): 177-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i10.16413]
[86]
Andreazza IF, Ferraz HG. Preparation of pellets containing highly soluble drug by extrusion/spheronisation and coating with Kollicoat® SR 30D. Braz Arch Biol Technol 2011; 54(4): 315-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132011000200013]
[87]
Mehta AM. Evaluation and characterization of pellets Pharmaceutical pelletization technology. New York: Marcel Dekker 1989; pp. 241-65.
[88]
Gowda D, Bathool A, Khan M, Gupta V. Pelletization as a key tool for oral drug delivery :A review. J Pharm Sci 2011; 4: 3282-6.
[89]
Chatlapalli R, Rohera BD. Physical characterization of HPMC and HEC and investigation of their use as pelletization aids. Int J Pharm 1998; 161(2): 179-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(97)00350-5]
[90]
Ahmad A, Khan MU, Elkalmi RM, et al. Job satisfaction among Indian pharmacists: An exploration of affecting variables and suggestions for improvement in pharmacist role. Indian J Pharm Educ Res 2016; 50(1): 9-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/ijper.50.1.2]
[91]
Reddy S, Das P, Das H, Sci AG-JPB. 2011 undefined MUPS (multiple unit pellet system) tablets–a brief review 2011.
[92]
Holtmann G, Talley NJ, Liebregts T, Adam B, Parow C. A placebo-controlled trial of itopride in functional dyspepsia. N Engl J Med 2006; 354(8): 832-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa052639] [PMID: 16495395]
[93]
Iwanaga Y, Miyashita N, Saito T, Morikawa K, Itoh Z. Gastroprokinetic effect of a new benzamide derivative itopride and its action mechanisms in conscious dogs. Jpn J Pharmacol 1996; 71(2): 129-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jjp.71.129] [PMID: 8835639]
[94]
Yajima T, Nogata A, Demachi M, et al. Particle design for taste-masking using a spray-congealing technique. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1996; 44(1): 187-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.44.187]
[95]
Costa FO, Sousa JJS, Pais AACC, Formosinho SJ. Comparison of dissolution profiles of Ibuprofen pellets. J Control Release 2003; 89(2): 199-212.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-3659(03)00033-6] [PMID: 12711444]
[96]
Dashevsky A, Kolter K, Bodmeier R. pH-independent release of a basic drug from pellets coated with the extended release polymer dispersion Kollicoat SR 30 D and the enteric polymer dispersion Kollicoat MAE 30 DP. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2004; 58(1): 45-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.03.013] [PMID: 15207536]
[97]
Vonderscher J, Meinzer A. Transplantation proceedings. Rationale for the development of sandimmune neoral. International congress on cyclosporine. New York, NY. Elsevier Science 1994; pp. 1994-03-29; 26: 2925-7.
[98]
Atyabi F, Majzoob S, Iman M, Salehi M, Dorkoosh F. In vitro evaluation and modification of pectinate gel beads containing trimethyl chitosan, as a multi-particulate system for delivery of water-soluble macromolecules to colon. Carbohydr Polym 2005; 61(1): 39-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.02.005]
[99]
Liu L, Fishman ML, Kost J, Hicks KB. Pectin-based systems for colon-specific drug delivery via oral route. Biomaterials 2003; 24(19): 3333-43.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142961203002138
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00213-8] [PMID: 12763460]
[100]
Vani M, Meena A, Savio FG, Priya M. Design and evaluation of gastro retentive floating beads of ranitidine hydrochloride. Int J Pharma Bio Sci 2010; 1: 1-4.
[101]
Trivedi ND, Trivedi UN, Patel MM, Jayvadan P, Bhandari A. Preparation and Evaluation of Floating Matrix Tablet of Ranitidine. Am J Drug Discov Dev 2011; 1: 8-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajdd.2011.8.23]
[102]
Rao Y, Bandari S, Mittapalli R, Gannu R. Orodispersible tablets: An overview. Asian J Pharm 2008; 2(1): 2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-8398.41557]
[103]
Hamed R, Omran H. Development of dual–release pellets of the non-steroidal anti–inflammatory drug celecoxib. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020; 55: 101419.
[104]
Abdel-Gawad R, Osman R, Awad GAS, Mortada N. Lecithin-based modified soft agglomerate composite microparticles for inhalable montelukast: Development, tolerability and pharmacodynamic activity. Powder Technol 2020; 360: 1167-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2019.11.029]
[105]
Flórez-Castillo JM, Ropero-Vega JL, Perullini M, Jobbágy M. Biopolymeric pellets of polyvinyl alcohol and alginate for the encapsulation of Ib-M6 peptide and its antimicrobial activity against E. coli. Heliyon 2019; 5(6): e01872.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01872] [PMID: 31194071]
[106]
Nejati L, Kalantari F, Bavarsad N, Saremnejad F, Moghaddam PT, Akhgari A. Investigation of using pectin and chitosan as natural excipients in pellet formulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120(Pt A): 1208-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.129] [PMID: 30165148]
[107]
Vo AQ, Feng X, Pimparade M, et al. Dual-mechanism gastroretentive drug delivery system loaded with an amorphous solid dispersion prepared by hot-melt extrusion. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 102: 71-84.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928098717301173
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2017.02.040] [PMID: 28257881]
[108]
Riekes MK, Dereymaker A, Berben P, Augustijns P, Stulzer HK, Van den Mooter G. Development of enteric-coated fixed dose combinations of amorphous solid dispersions of ezetimibe and lovastatin: Investigation of formulation and process parameters. Int J Pharm 2017; 520(1-2): 49-58.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517317300625
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.053] [PMID: 28153650]
[109]
de Alencar RG, de Oliveira AC, Lima EM, da Cunha-Filho MSS, Taveira SF, Marreto RN. Compacted multiparticulate systems for colon-specific delivery of ketoprofen. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18(6): 2260-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-016-0700-2] [PMID: 28074422]
[110]
Reddy GLN, Rajnarayana K, Jayaveera KN. Development and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of extended-release multiple-unit pellet system tablets of metoprolol succinate. Asian J Pharm 2016; 10(1): S39-42.
[111]
Li J, Chai H, Li Y, et al. A three-pulse release tablet for amoxicillin: Preparation, pharmacokinetic study and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. PLoS One 2016; 11(8)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160260] [PMID: 27479702]
[112]
Novikova A, Carstensen JM, Rades T, Leopold PDCS. Multispectral UV imaging for surface analysis of MUPS tablets with special focus on the pellet distribution. Int J Pharm 2016; 515(1-2): 374-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.087] [PMID: 27702695]
[113]
Li X, Xu DS, Li M, Liu L, Heng P. Preparation of co-spray dried cushioning agent containing stearic acid for protecting pellet coatings when compressed. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 42(5): 788-95.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2015.1075034] [PMID: 26289006]
[114]
Yang Z, Yu J, Yang T, et al. A method for the preparation of sustained release-coated Metoprolol Succinate pellet-containing tablets. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 21(8): 943-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10837450.2015.1081612] [PMID: 26334840]
[115]
Zaman M, Saeed-Ul-Hassan S, Sarfraz RM, et al. Pellets and pelletization: Emerging trends in the pharma industry. Acta Pol Pharm -. Acta Pol Pharm 2016; 73(6): 1415-25.
[PMID: 29634093]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
92
3
World Malaria Day
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy