Title:The Therapeutic use of the Zonulin Inhibitor AT-1001 (Larazotide) for a Variety of Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
VOLUME: 28
Author(s):Jacopo Troisi*, Giorgia Venutolo, Concetta Terracciano, Matteo Delli Carri, Simone Di Micco, Annamaria Landolfi and Alessio Fasano
Affiliation:Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA) , European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Via S. de Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno (SA), European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Via S. de Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno (SA), Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA) , European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Via S. de Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno (SA), Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli” University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA) , European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Via S. de Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno (SA)
Keywords:Larazotide, AT-1001, Zonulin, FZI/0, INN-202, Chronic Inflammatory Disease, Intestinal permeability, Celiac
disease, Diabetes.
Abstract:Background: The involvement of intercellular tight junctions and, in particular, the modulation of their
competency by the zonulin pathway with a subsequent increase in epithelial and endothelial permeability, has been
described in several chronic and acute inflammatory diseases. In this scenario, Larazotide, a zonulin antagonist, could be
employed as a viable therapeutic strategy.
Objective: The present review aims to describe recent research and current observations about zonulin involvement in
several diseases and the use of its inhibitor Larazotide for their treatment.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar, resulting in 209 publications obtained with
the following search query: “Larazotide,” “Larazotide acetate,” “AT-1001,” “FZI/0” and “INN-202.” After careful
examination, some publications were removed from consideration because they were either not in English or were not
directly related to Larazotide.
Results: The obtained publications were subdivided according to Larazotide’s mechanism of action and different diseases:
celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, other autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, Kawasaki disease, respiratory
(infective and/or non-infective) diseases, and other.
Conclusions: A substantial role of zonulin in many chronic and acute inflammatory diseases has been demonstrated in both
in vivo and in vitro, indicating the possible efficacy of a Larazotide treatment. Moreover, new possible molecular targets for
this molecule have also been demonstrated.
