Research Article

Fragmentation and Matching of Human MicroRNA Sequences in 3’utr

Author(s): Michael S. Parker, Ambikaipakan Balasubramaniam, Floyd R. Sallee and Steven L. Parker*

Volume 9, Issue 5, 2020

Page: [378 - 394] Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/2211536609666201221125015

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Abstract

Aims: Definition of sense and antisense microRNA matches in 3’utr.

Background: Matches of mature microRNAs (m-miRs) in human 3’utr could be traced to mutations producing fragments of original m-miR sequences without physical separation. (The m-miR matches in 5’utr and cds should be by far fewer, but could follow similar patterns).

Objective: To ascertain if the sense and antisense m-miR fragments in 3’utr occur at similar or different levels.

Methods: Frequency of sense and antisense m-miR matches in 3'utr was examined in the range of 7-22 nucleotides.

Results: The fragmentation occurs at gene level by mutation within one of the paired m-miRs, which upon transcription results in increased interactive capability for both former pre-micro (premir) RNA stem partners. The non-mutated stem partner can persist in 3’utr sequences, as is apparent from significant presence of miR-619-5p and miR-5096 and some conservation of 20 other simian- specific m-miR sequences. However, most of m-mir sequences in 3’utr are extensively fragmented, with low preservation of long matches. In flanks of individual m-miR embeds the mutated pre-mir positions are to a degree defined specifically.

Conclusion: The m-mir matches of various sizes in 3’utr apparently reflect accumulation, on a phylogenetic time scale, of in-sequence point mutations. Across human 3’utr this fragmentation is significantly less for evolutionarily recent human m-miRs that originate in simians compared to human m-miRs first appearing in lower primates, and especially to human m-miRs introduced in nonprimates.

Keywords: microRNA phylogeny, simian microRNAs, microRNA mRNA segments, sense matching, antisense matching, miR-619-5p.

Graphical Abstract

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