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Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening

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ISSN (Print): 1386-2073
ISSN (Online): 1875-5402

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Review Article

Virus as a Nanocarrier for Drug Delivery Redefining Medical Therapeutics - A Status Report

Author(s): Sanjay Kumar Ojha*, Ritesh Pattnaik, Puneet Kumar Singh, Shubha Dixit, Snehasish Mishra, Sreyasi Pal and Subrat Kumar*

Volume 25, Issue 10, 2022

Published on: 18 December, 2020

Page: [1619 - 1629] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666201218115850

Price: $65

Abstract

Over the last two decades, drug delivery systems have evolved at a tremendous pace. Synthetic nanoparticles have played an important role in vaccine design and delivery as these have shown improved safety and efficacy over conventional formulations. Nanocarriers formulated by natural, biological building blocks have become an important tool in biomedicine. A successful nanocarrier must possess specific properties like evading the host immune system, target specificity, cellular entry, escape from endosomes, and the ability to release the active material into the cytoplasm. The virus can perform some or all of these functions, making it a suitable candidate as a naturally occurring nanocarrier. Viruses could be made non-infectious and non-replicative without compromising their ability to penetrate cells, making them useful for a vast spectrum of applications. Currently, many such carrier molecules as bio-nanocapsules are at various development stages. This review covers the advances in the field of viruses as potential nanocarriers and discusses the related technologies and strategies to target specific cells by using virus-inspired nanocarriers. These virus-based nanocarriers could provide solutions to address pressing and emerging concerns in infectious diseases in the future.

Keywords: Drug delivery, synthetic nanoparticles, nanocarrier, virus, bio-nanocapsules, infectious disease.

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