Title:Nanoparticles Based Intranasal Delivery of Drug to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease: A Recent Update
VOLUME: 19 ISSUE: 9
Author(s):Manisha Pandey*, Hira Choudhury*, Rohit Kumar Verma, Viney Chawla, Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra, Bapi Gorain, Maria Abdul Ghafoor Raja and Muhammad Wahab Amjad
Affiliation:Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University-Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University-Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University- Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Department of Life sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University-Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University
Keywords:Alzheimer’s disease, nanoparticles, intranasal, permeability, blood-brain barrier, cognitive impairment.
Abstract:Alzheimer Association Report (2019) stated that the 6th primary cause of death in the USA
is Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), which leads to behaviour and cognitive impairment. Nearly 5.8 million
peoples of all ages in the USA have suffered from this disease, including 5.6 million elderly populations.
The statistics of the progression of this disease is similar to the global scenario. Still, the treatment
of AD is limited to a few conventional oral drugs, which often fail to deliver an adequate amount
of the drug in the brain. The reduction in the therapeutic efficacy of an anti-AD drug is due to poor
solubility, existence to the blood-brain barrier and low permeability. In this context, nasal drug delivery
emerges as a promising route for the delivery of large and small molecular drugs for the treatment
of AD. This promising pathway delivers the drug directly into the brain via an olfactory route, which
leads to the low systemic side effect, enhanced bioavailability, and higher therapeutic efficacy. However,
few setbacks, such as mucociliary clearance and poor drug mucosal permeation, limit its translation
from the laboratory to the clinic. The above stated limitation could be overcome by the adaption
of nanoparticle as a drug delivery carrier, which may lead to prolong delivery of drugs with better
permeability and high efficacy. This review highlights the latest work on the development of promising
Nanoparticles (NPs) via the intranasal route for the treatment of AD. Additionally, the current update
in this article will draw the attention of the researcher working on these fields and facing challenges
in practical applicability.
