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Current Medical Imaging

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ISSN (Print): 1573-4056
ISSN (Online): 1875-6603

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Review Article

Osteosarcoma of the Jaws: A Literature Review

Author(s): Francesco Ricotta, Massimo Bassi, Nicola Tomasetti, Angelo Campobassi, Vincenzo Maiolo, Franco Bertoni, Patrizia Bacchini, Claudio Marchetti and Achille Tarsitano*

Volume 17, Issue 2, 2021

Published on: 06 August, 2020

Page: [225 - 235] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1573405616666200806173948

Price: $65

Abstract

Osteosarcoma of the jaws (OSJ) is a relatively rare disease, accounting for between 2% and 10% of all cases of osteosarcoma. It is morphologically and radiologically identical to the trunk and extremity variant, but distinct in several crucial aspects.

The lesion is characterized by sarcomatous cells which produce a variable amount of osteoid bone. It arises centrally within the bone and can be subdivided into osteoblastic, chondroblastic and fibroblastic subtype, depending on the predominant cell type.

Radiographically, these tumors display a spectrum of bone changes from well-demarcated borders to lytic bone destruction with indefinite margins and variable cortical bone erosion or, in some cases, images of sclerotic bone.

Therapeutic options for OSJ include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are employed according to age of the patient, histological classification and localization of the tumor. Today, there is no general consensus in the treatment guidelines for the OSJ though surgery represents the key to the treatment. The main prognostic factor deeply influencing the patient’s prognosis remains the complete tumor resection with negative surgical margins.

The aim of the present review is to describe state of the art regarding diagnostic and surgical treatment aspects of the primary osteosarcoma of the jaws.

Keywords: Osteosarcoma, jaws, head and neck oncology, bone tumors, maxillary osteosarcoma, jaws neoplasms.

Graphical Abstract

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