Generic placeholder image

Current Nutraceuticals

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2665-9786
ISSN (Online): 2665-9794

Mini-Review Article

Natural Bioactive Compounds Loaded Eggshell Membrane from Waste Food Industry: Preparation and Characterization

Author(s): Merve Deniz Köse and Oguz Bayraktar*

Volume 2, Issue 2, 2021

Published on: 26 July, 2020

Page: [106 - 116] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/2665978601999200727103101

Abstract

Eggshell membrane (ESM), a protein and collagen-rich membrane between the eggshell and egg white, has usually been regarded as waste and overlooked. However, its potential is now being highlighted in many industrial and technological applications. In the literature, natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) have been used together with various proteins.

Preparation and characterization methods of the eggshell and eggshell membrane are summarized.

Various studies showed the utilization of eggshell membranes as an adsorbent, scaffold, wound dressing, and vascular graft. Due to the chemical composition of the eggshell membrane, its superior binding and adsorptive properties increase the stability of the bioactive compounds.

This review focuses on the potential utilization of eggshell membranes as functional food and nutraceuticals.

Keywords: Biomaterial, waste, protein-polyphenol interactions, biopolymers, utilization, value-added products, health applications.

Graphical Abstract
[1]
Martos, G.; Molina, E. Lopez-Exposito. Eggs.Proteomics Foods- Princ Appl; Toldra, F; Nollet, L.M.L., Ed.; , 2005, pp. 305-322.
[2]
Gautron, J.; Nys, Y. Eggshell Matrix Proteins; Bioact Egg Compd, 2007, pp. 103-108.
[3]
Nys, Y.; Gautron, J.; Garcia-Ruiz, J.M.; Hincke, M.T. Avian eggshell mineralization: Biochemical and functional characterization of matrix proteins. C. R. Palevol, 2004, 3, 549-562.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2004.08.002]
[4]
Baláž, M. Eggshell membrane biomaterial as a platform for applications in materials science. Acta Biomater., 2014, 10(9), 3827-3843.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2014.03.020] [PMID: 24681370]
[5]
Wong, M.; Hendrix, M.J.C.; von der Mark, K.; Little, C.; Stern, R. Collagen in the egg shell membranes of the hen. Dev. Biol., 1984, 104(1), 28-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-1606(84)90033-2] [PMID: 6203793]
[6]
Nakano, T.; Ikawa, N.I.; Ozimek, L. Chemical composition of chicken eggshell and shell membranes. Poult. Sci., 2003, 82(3), 510-514.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.3.510] [PMID: 12705414]
[7]
Panheleux, M.; Bain, M.; Fernandez, M.S.; Morales, I.; Gautron, J.; Arias, J.L.; Solomon, S.E.; Hincke, M.; Nys, Y. Organic matrix composition and ultrastructure of eggshell: a comparative study. Br. Poult. Sci., 1999, 40(2), 240-252.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071669987665] [PMID: 10465392]
[8]
Golubkina, N.A.; Papazyan, T.T. Selenium distribution in eggs of avian species. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol., 2006, 145(3-4), 384-388.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.08.007] [PMID: 17055312]
[9]
Sah, M.K.; Rath, S.N. Soluble eggshell membrane: A natural protein to improve the properties of biomaterials used for tissue engineering applications. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2016, 67, 807-821.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.005] [PMID: 27287179]
[10]
Baláž, M.; Zorkovská, A.; Fabián, M.; Girman, V.; Briančin, J. Eggshell biomaterial: Characterization of nanophase and polymorphs after mechanical activation. Adv. Powder Technol., 2015, 26, 1597-1608.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2015.09.003]
[11]
Yi, F.; Guo, Z.X.; Zhang, L.X.; Yu, J.; Li, Q. Soluble eggshell membrane protein: preparation, characterization and biocompatibility. Biomaterials, 2004, 25(19), 4591-4599.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.11.052] [PMID: 15120504]
[12]
Zhao, Y.H.; Chi, Y.J. Characterization of collagen from eggshell membrane. Biotechnology (Faisalabad), 2009, 8, 254-258.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/biotech.2009.254.258]
[13]
Devi, P.S.; Banerjee, S.; Chowdhury, S.R.; Kumar, G.S. Eggshell membrane: A natural biotemplate to synthesize fluorescent gold nanoparticles. RSC Advances, 2012, 2, 11578-11585.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ra21053c]
[14]
Tsai, W.T.; Yang, J.M.; Lai, C.W.; Cheng, Y.H.; Lin, C.C.; Yeh, C.W. Characterization and adsorption properties of eggshells and eggshell membrane. Bioresour. Technol., 2006, 97(3), 488-493.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.02.050] [PMID: 15896954]
[15]
Snyder, T. Eggshell Membrane Separation Process, United States Patent No.9,370,778 B2., . 2016.
[16]
Adams, R.G.; Franklin, M.R. Vacuum Treatment Of An Input Stream Without Runing Delicate Output Fractions United States Patent No. 7,017,277 B1.,. 2006.
[17]
Vlad, V. Eggshell Membrane Separation Method United States Patent No. 7.584,909 B2., . 2009.
[18]
Thoroski, J.H. Eggshell processing methods and apparatus; United States, 2003.
[19]
Yoo, S.; Hsieh, J.S.; Zou, P.; Kokoszka, J. Utilization of calcium carbonate particles from eggshell waste as coating pigments for ink-jet printing paper. Bioresour. Technol., 2009, 100(24), 6416-6421.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.06.112] [PMID: 19665373]
[20]
Hussain, A.; Dev, S.; Gariepy, Y.; Orsat, V.; Raghavan, G.S.V. Microwave-Assisted Separation Of Eggshell And Membrane Csbe100630-Presented at Postharvest Technology and Process Engineering Conference, 2009.
[21]
Suzuki, FK; Wang, P-Y; Weatherspoon, J.; Mead, LC. Method of producing eggshell powder., 2004.
[22]
New, L. Eggshell membrane separation process United States Patent No. 8,448,884 B2., . 2013.
[23]
Long, F.D.; Adams, R.G.; DeVore, D.P. Preparation of hyaluronic acid from eggshell membrane; United States, 2005.
[24]
Singh, B.R.; DeOliveira, D.B.; Fu, F-N.; Fuller, M.P. Fourier transform infrared analysis of amide III bands of proteins for the secondary structure estimation; United States, 1993.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.145242]
[25]
Barth, A. Infrared spectroscopy of proteins. Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Bioenerg; Elsevier, 2007, pp. 1073-1101.
[26]
Torres-Mansilla, A.C.; Delgado-Mejía, E. Influence of separation techniques with acid solutions on the composition of eggshell membrane. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 2017, 16, 451-456.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2017.451.456]
[27]
Hsieh, S.; Chou, H.H.; Hsieh, C.W.; Wu, D.C.; Kuo, C.H.; Lin, F.H. Hydrogen peroxide treatment of eggshell membrane to control porosity. Food Chem., 2013, 141(3), 2117-2121.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.115] [PMID: 23870936]
[28]
Torres, F.G.; Troncoso, O.P.; Piaggio, F.; Hijar, A. Structure-property relationships of a biopolymer network: the eggshell membrane. Acta Biomater., 2010, 6(9), 3687-3693.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2010.03.014] [PMID: 20227532]
[29]
Freire, M.N.; Holanda, J.N.F. Characterization of avian eggshell waste aiming its use in a ceramic wall tile paste. Ceramica, 2006, 52, 240-244.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0366-69132006000400004]
[30]
Fattal, E.; Roques, B.; Puisieux, F.; Blanco-Prieto, M.J.; Couvreur, P. Multiple emulsion technology for the design of microspheres containing peptides and oligopeptides. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 1997, 28(1), 85-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-409X(97)00052-5] [PMID: 10837566]
[31]
Guru, P.S.; Dash, S. Sorption on eggshell waste--a review on ultrastructure, biomineralization and other applications. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 2014, 209, 49-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.12.013] [PMID: 24456801]
[32]
Yi, F.; Lu, J.W.; Guo, Z.X.; Yu, J. Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of soluble eggshell membrane protein/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend films. J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed., 2006, 17(9), 1015-1024.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856206778365997] [PMID: 17094639]
[33]
Yi, F.; Yu, J.; Guo, Z.X.; Zhang, L.X.; Li, Q. Natural bioactive material: A preparation of soluble eggshell membrane protein. Macromol. Biosci., 2003, 3, 234-237.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mabi.200390030]
[34]
Ahlborn, G.J.; Clare, D.A.; Sheldon, B.W.; Kelly, R.W. Identification of eggshell membrane proteins and purification of ovotransferrin and β-NAGase from hen egg white. Protein J., 2006, 25(1), 71-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10930-006-0010-8] [PMID: 16721662]
[35]
Takahashi, K.; Shirai, K.; Kitamura, M.; Hattori, M. Soluble egg shell membrane protein as a regulating material for collagen matrix reconstruction. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 1996, 60(8), 1299-1302.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60.1299] [PMID: 8987547]
[36]
Kose, M.D.; Bayraktar, O. Encapsulated Plant- Derived Polyphenols as Potential Cancer Treatment Agents.Herb Med Back to Futur Cancer Ther; Murad, F.; Rahman, A.; Bian, K; ., Eds.; Bentham Science. , 2019, pp. 91-122.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789811411205119030005]
[37]
Köse, M.D.; Başpınar, Y.; Bayraktar, O. Electroencapsulation (Electrospraying & Electrospinning) of Active Compounds for Food Applications. Curr. Pharm. Des., 2019, 25(16), 1881-1888.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190717125538] [PMID: 31333111]
[38]
Baspinar, Y.; Üstündas, M.; Bayraktar, O.; Sezgin, C. Curcumin and piperine loaded zein-chitosan nanoparticles: Development and in-vitro characterisation. Saudi Pharm. J., 2018, 26(3), 323-334.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2018.01.010] [PMID: 29556123]
[39]
Colantuono, A.; Vitaglione, P.; Ferracane, R.; Campanella, O.H.; Hamaker, B.R. Development and functional characterization of new antioxidant dietary fibers from pomegranate, olive and artichoke by-products. Food Res. Int., 2017, 101, 155-164.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.09.001] [PMID: 28941678]
[40]
D’Archivio, M.; Filesi, C.; Di Benedetto, R.; Gargiulo, R.; Giovannini, C.; Masella, R. Polyphenols, dietary sources and bioavailability. Ann. Ist. Super. Sanita, 2007, 43(4), 348-361.
[PMID: 18209268]
[41]
Köse, M.D.; Bayraktar, O. Encapsulation of lycopene using electrospraying method. Biointerface Res Appl Chem., 2016, 6, 1019-1025.
[42]
Ryan, L.; Petit, S. Addition of whole, semiskimmed, and skimmed bovine milk reduces the total antioxidant capacity of black tea. Nutr. Res., 2010, 30(1), 14-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2009.11.005] [PMID: 20116655]
[43]
von Staszewski, M.; Pilosof, A.M.R.; Jagus, R.J. Antioxidant and antimicrobial performance of different Argentinean green tea varieties as affected by whey proteins. Food Chem., 2011, 125, 186-192.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.08.059]
[44]
Han, J.; Chang, Y.; Britten, M.; St-Gelais, D.; Champagne, C.P.; Fustier, P. Interactions of phenolic compounds with milk proteins. Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2019, 245, 1881-1888.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-019-03293-1]
[45]
Labuckas, D.O.; Maestri, D.M.; Perelló, M.; Martínez, M.L.; Lamarque, A.L. Phenolics from walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernels: Antioxidant activity and interactions with proteins. Food Chem., 2008, 107, 607-612.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.051]
[46]
Ozdal, T.; Capanoglu, E.; Altay, F. A review on protein-phenolic interactions and associated changes. Food Res. Int., 2013, 51, 954-970.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2013.02.009]
[47]
Ali, H.; Alli, I.; Ismail, A.; Kermasha, S. Protein-phenolic interactions in food. Eurasian J Anal Chem., 2012, 7, 123-133.
[48]
Köse, M.D.; Bayraktar, O. Natural Bioactive Compounds Loaded Eggshell Membrane Using Foam Separation. 4th Int Clean Pers Care Prod Prod Technol Symp Exhib, 2019.
[49]
Jensen, G.S.; Shah, B.; Holtz, R.; Patel, A.; Lo, D.C. Reduction of facial wrinkles by hydrolyzed water-soluble egg membrane associated with reduction of free radical stress and support of matrix production by dermal fibroblasts. Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol., 2016, 9, 357-366.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S111999] [PMID: 27789968]
[50]
Yan, S.; Xu, Y.; Lin, Y.J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X.; Yilmaz, G. Ethanol-lubricated expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene vascular grafts loaded with eggshell membrane extract and heparin for rapid endothelialization and anticoagulation. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2020.511145565
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145565]
[51]
Kumar, A.; Kumar, A. Fabrication of eggshell membrane-based novel buccal mucosa-mimetic surface and mucoadhesion testing of chitosan oligosaccharide films. J. Mater. Res., 2019, 34, 3777-3786.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2019.318]
[52]
Motoji, H.; To, M.; Hidaka, K.; Matsuo, M. Vitamin C and eggshell membrane facilitate orthodontic tooth movement and induce histological changes in the periodontal tissue. J Oral Biosci, 2020, 62(1), 80-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.job.2020.01.006] [PMID: 32032751]
[53]
Kobus-Cisowska, J.; Szymanowska-Powałowska, D.; Szymandera-Buszka, K.; Rezler, R.; Jarzębski, M.; Szczepaniak, O.; Marciniak, G.; Jędrusek-Golińska, A.; Kobus-Moryson, M. Effect of fortification with calcium from eggshells on bioavailability, quality, and rheological characteristics of traditional Polish bread spread. J. Dairy Sci., 2020. 103(8), 6918-6929.
[PMID: 32505401]
[54]
Li, X.; Ma, M.; Ahn, D.U.; Huang, X. Preparation and characterization of novel eggshell membrane-chitosan blend films for potential wound-care dressing: From waste to medicinal products. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2019, 123, 477-484.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.215] [PMID: 30412761]
[55]
Li, X.; Cai, Z.; Ahn, D.U.; Huang, X. Development of an antibacterial nanobiomaterial for wound-care based on the absorption of AgNPs on the eggshell membrane. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces, 2019.183110449
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110449] [PMID: 31465939]
[56]
Huang, X.; Chang, L.; Lu, Y.; Li, Z.; Kang, Z.; Zhang, X.; Liu, M.; Yang, D.P. Plant-mediated synthesis of dual-functional Eggshell/Ag nanocomposites towards catalysis and antibacterial applications. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2020.113111015
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111015] [PMID: 32487416]
[57]
Sabu, U.; Tripathi, N.; Logesh, G.; Rashad, M.; Joy, A.; Balasubramanian, M. Development of biomorphic C-ZnO with in situ formation of ZnS using eggshell membrane as bio-template. Ceram. Int., 2020.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.06.057]
[58]
Ajisawa, A. Dissolution aqueous of silk fibroin with calciumchloride/ethanol solution. J Sericultural Sci Japan [Internet], 1997, 67, 91-94.
[59]
Mohammadzadeh, L.; Rahbarghazi, R.; Salehi, R.; Mahkam, M. A novel egg-shell membrane based hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for cutaneous tissue engineering. J. Biol. Eng., 2019, 13, 79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13036-019-0208-x] [PMID: 31673286]
[60]
Santos, K.O.; Barbosa, R.C.; da Silva Buriti, J.; Bezerra, A.G. Junior; de Sousa, W.J.B.; de Barros, S.M.C. Thermal, chemical, biological and mechanical properties of chitosan films with powder of eggshell membrane for biomedical applications. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 2019, 136, 725-735.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7666-0]
[61]
Farjah, G.H.; Heshmatian, B.; Karimipour, M.; Saberi, A. Using eggshell membrane as nerve guide channels in peripheral nerve regeneration. Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci., 2013, 16(8), 901-905.
[PMID: 24106593]
[62]
Daengprok, W.; Garnjanagoonchorn, W.; Naivikul, O.; Pornsinlpatip, P.; Issigonis, K.; Mine, Y. Chicken eggshell matrix proteins enhance calcium transport in the human intestinal epithelial cells, Caco-2. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51(20), 6056-6061.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf034261e] [PMID: 13129316]
[63]
Jain, S.; Anal, A.K. Preparation of eggshell membrane protein hydrolysates and culled banana resistant starch-based emulsions and evaluation of their stability and behavior in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. Food Res. Int., 2018, 103, 234-242.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.042] [PMID: 29389611]
[64]
Lee, M.C.; Huang, Y.C. Soluble eggshell membrane protein-loaded chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles for treatment of defective intestinal epithelial cells. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2019, 131, 949-958.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.113] [PMID: 30910672]
[65]
Tembe, S.; Kubal, B.S.; Karve, M.; D’Souza, S.F. Glutaraldehyde activated eggshell membrane for immobilization of tyrosinase from Amorphophallus companulatus: application in construction of electrochemical biosensor for dopamine. Anal. Chim. Acta, 2008, 612(2), 212-217.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.02.031] [PMID: 18358868]
[66]
Yang, J.Y.; Chuang, S.S.; Yang, W.G.; Tsay, P.K. Egg membrane as a new biological dressing in split-thickness skin graft donor sites: a preliminary clinical evaluation. Chang Gung Med. J., 2003, 26(3), 153-159.
[PMID: 12790218]
[67]
Yoo, J.H.; Kim, J.K.; Yang, H.J.; Park, K.M. Effects of egg shell membrane hydrolysates on UVB-radiation-induced wrinkle formation in SKH-1 hairless mice. Han-gug Chugsan Sigpum Hag-hoeji, 2015, 35(1), 58-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2015.35.1.58] [PMID: 26761801]
[68]
King’ori, A.M. A Review of the uses of poultry eggshells and shell membranes. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 2011, 10, 908-912.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2011.908.912]
[69]
Francis, A.A.; Abdel Rahman, M.K. The environmental sustainability of calcined calcium phosphates production from the milling of eggshell wastes and phosphoric acid. J. Clean. Prod., 2016, 137, 1432-1438.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.029]
[70]
Amaral, M.C.; Siqueira, F.B.; Destefani, A.Z.; Holanda, J.N.F. Soil-cement bricks incorporated with eggshell waste. Proc Inst Civ Eng Waste Resour Manag., 2013, 166, 137-141.
[71]
Pandit, P.R.; Fulekar, M.H. Egg shell waste as heterogeneous nanocatalyst for biodiesel production: Optimized by response surface methodology. J. Environ. Manage., 2017, 198(Pt 1), 319-329.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.100] [PMID: 28494420]
[72]
Choudhary, R.; Koppala, S.; Swamiappan, S. Bioactivity studies of calcium magnesium silicate prepared from eggshell waste by sol-gel combustion synthesis. J Asian Ceram Soc., 2015, 3, 173-177.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jascer.2015.01.002]
[73]
Quina, M.J.; Soares, M.A.R.; Quinta-Ferreira, R. Applications of industrial eggshell as a valuable anthropogenic resource. Resour. Conserv. Recycling, 2017, 123, 176-186.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.09.027]
[74]
Girelli, A.M.; Astolfi, M.L.; Scuto, F.R. Agro-industrial wastes as potential carriers for enzyme immobilization: A review. Chemosphere, 2020.244125368
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125368] [PMID: 3179099]

© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy