Topical Melatonin Niosome Gel for the Treatment of 5-FU-Induced Oral Mucositis in Mice

Author(s): Prangtip Uthaiwat, Jureerut Daduang*, Aroonsri Priprem, Chatri Settasatian, Sirinart Chio-Srichan, Yao-Chang Lee, Pramote Mahakunakorn, Patcharee Boonsiri

Journal Name: Current Drug Delivery

Volume 18 , Issue 2 , 2021


DOI : 10.2174/1567201817666200525151848

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Graphical Abstract:


Abstract:

Background: Oral mucositis, one of the most common complications of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment, leads to several problems, including pain, diarrhea and malnutrition, and reduces the quality of life and subsequent treatments. Melatonin, a neurohormone with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, was encapsulated in niosomes and embedded in a mucoadhesive gel formulation as a Melatonin Niosome Gel (MNG) to perform oral mucositis treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of MNG for the treatment of 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in mice.

Methods: Oral mucositis was induced in ICR mice by 5-FU and randomly assigned to receive daily applications of the topical oral MNG, a fluocinolone acetonide gel, a blank niosome gel, or no treatment for 5 days in comparison with a normal group. Average body weights, food consumption, and behaviors of the mice as well as microscopic histopathology, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and oxidative stress markers of the tongues were monitored and collected after sacrifice.

Results: In comparison to the normal group, the average body weights of the 5-FU-MNG mice did not deviate from that of the normal group, nor was there a significant difference in the time to sleep or licking (p>0.05 for both parameters). In addition, the mice treated with MNG and fluocinolone acetonide did not show significantly different histopathological, FTIR, interleukin-1β or malondialdehyde (MDA) results in the tongues used as the oral tissue samples.

Conclusion: Topical MNG potentially inhibits inflammation and lipid oxidative stress in 5-FU-induced oral mucositis.

Keywords: Niosomes, melatonin, 5-fluorouracil, mucositis, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, Malondialdehyde (MDA).

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VOLUME: 18
ISSUE: 2
Year: 2021
Published on: 25 May, 2020
Page: [199 - 211]
Pages: 13
DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200525151848
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