Title:Detection of Disease-Specific Parent Cells Via Distinct Population of Nano-Vesicles by Machine Learning
VOLUME: 26 ISSUE: 32
Author(s):Abhimanyu Thakur*, Ambika Prasad Mishra, Bishnupriya Panda, Kumari Sweta and Babita Majhi
Affiliation:Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Guru Ghashidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh
Keywords:Nano-vesicles, exosome, diagnosis, initiating parent cells, machine learning, artificial intelligence.
Abstract:
Background: The diagnosis and prognosis of pathological conditions, such as age-related macular
degeneration (AMD) and cancer still need improvement. AMD is primarily caused due to the dysfunction of
retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), whereas endothelial cells (ECs) play one of the major roles in angiogenesis; an
important process which occurs in malignant progression of cancer. Several reports suggested the augmented
release of nano-vesicles under pathological conditions, including from RPE as well as cancer-associated ECs,
which take part in various biological processes, including intercellular communication in disease progression.
Importantly, these nano-vesicles are around 30-1000 nm and carry the fingerprint of their initiating parent cells
(IPCs). Therefore, these nano-vesicles could be utilized as the diagnostic tool for AMD and cancer, respectively.
However, the analysis of nano-vesicles for biomarker study is confounded by their extensive heterogeneous nature.
Methods: To confront this challenge, we utilized artificial intelligence (AI) based machine learning (ML) algorithms
such as support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree model on the dataset of nano-vesicles from RPE
and ECs cell lines with low dimensionality.
Results: Overall, Gaussian SVM demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy of the IPCs of nano-vesicles,
among all the chosen SVM classifiers. Additionally, the bagged tree showed the highest prediction among the
chosen decision tree-based classifiers.
Conclusion: Therefore, the overall bagged tree showed the best performance for the prediction of IPCs of nanovesicles,
suggesting the applicability of AI-based prediction approach in diagnosis and prognosis of pathological
conditions, including non-invasive liquid biopsy via various biofluids-derived nano-vesicles.
