Title:Mixed Ligand-metal Complexes of 2-(butan-2-ylidene) Hydrazinecarbothioamide- Synthesis, Characterization, Computer-Aided Drug Character Evaluation and in vitro Biological Activity Assessment
VOLUME: 17 ISSUE: 1
Author(s):Tahmeena Khan*, Rumana Ahmad, Iqbal Azad*, Saman Raza, Seema Joshi and Abdul R. Khan
Affiliation:Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow, UP 226026, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow, UP 226003, Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow, UP 226026, Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, UP 226007, Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, UP 226007, Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow, UP 226026
Keywords:Computational, cancer, druglikeness, docking, mixed, thiosemicarbazone.
Abstract:
Background: Mixed ligand-metal complexes are efficient chelating agents because of their
flexible donor ability. Mixed ligand complexes containing hetero atoms sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen
have been probed for their biological significance.
Methods: Nine mixed ligand-metal complexes of 2-(butan-2-ylidene) hydrazinecarbothioamide (2-
butanone thiosemicarbazone) with pyridine, bipyridine and 2-picoline as co-ligands were synthesized
with Cu, Co and Zn salts. The complexes were tested against MDA-MB231 (MDA) and A549 cell lines.
Antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The drug character
of the complexes was evaluated on parameters viz. physicochemical properties, bioactivity scores, toxicity
assessment and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) profile using
various automated softwares. Molecular docking was performed against Ribonucleotide Reductase (RR)
and topoisomerase II (topo II).
Results: The mixed ligand-metal complexes were synthesized by condensation reaction for 4-5 h. The
characterization was done by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, molar conductance and UV spectroscopic
techniques. Molecular docking results showed that [Cu(C5H11N3S)(py)2(CH3COO)2],
[Zn(C5H11N3S)(bpy)(SO4)] and [Zn(C5H11N3S)(2-pic)2(SO4)] displayed the lowest binding energies with
respect to RR. Against topo II [Cu(C5H11N3S)(py)2(CH3COO)2], [Cu(C5H11N3S)(bpy)(CH3COO)2] and
[Zn(C5H11N3S)(2-pic)2(SO4)] had the lowest energies. The druglikness assessment was done using Leadlikeness
and Lipinski’s rules. Not more than two violations were obtained in case of each filtering rule
showing drug-like character of the mixed ligand complexes. Some of the complexes exhibited positive
bioactivity scores and almost all the complexes were predicted to be safe with no hazardous effects as
predicted by the toxicity assessment. Ames test predicted the non-mutagenic nature of the complexes.
Conclusion: In vitro activity evaluation showed that [Zn(C5H11N3S)(py)2(SO4)], [Co(C5H11N3S(bpy)
(Cl)2] and [Cu(C5H11N3S)(2-pic)2(CH3COO)2] were active against MDA. Against A549
[Co(C5H11N3S)(py)2(Cl)2], [Cu(C5H11N3S)(py)2(CH3COO)2] and [Co(C5H11N3S(bpy)(Cl)2] were active.
Antibacterial evaluation showed that [Co(C5H11N3S)(bpy)(Cl)2], [Zn(C5H11N3S)(2-pic)2(SO4)] and
[Cu(C5H11N3S)(2-pic)2(CH3COO)2] were active against S. aureus. Against E. coli, [Zn(C5H11N3S)(2-
pic)2(SO4)] showed activity at 18-20 mg dose range.
