Title:Genetic and Epigenetic Factors of <i>E3/E3</i> Genotypes of <i>APO-E</i> Gene as a Strong Predictor for the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease Patients of South India
VOLUME: 17 ISSUE: 2
Author(s):Javeed Ahmad Tantray , Karnati Pratap Reddy , Kaiser Jamil *, Waseem Gul Lone and Shiva Kumar Yerra
Affiliation:Department of Zoology, Osmania University Hyderabad, Telangana, Department of Zoology, Osmania University Hyderabad, Telangana, Department of Genetics, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, 10-1-1, Mahavir Marg, Hyderabad-500004, Telangana, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, Omaha, Nebraska, Department of Cardiology, Mahavir Hospital and Research Centre Hyderabad (Telangana)
Keywords:Apolipoprotein-E, genotypes, alleles, gene expression, methylation, polymorphism, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
Abstract:
Background: The role of Apolipoprotein-E (APO-E) in lipid metabolism and cholesterol
transport is a key component of lipid metabolism which plays a role in diseases like hypercholesterolemia,
diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the genotypes, allelic
frequencies, gene expression and methylation related to apolipoprotein E polymorphism in Coronary Artery
Disease (CAD) patients and compare with non-CAD healthy subjects of South Indian population.
Methods: The APO-E alleles and genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP. Gene expression profiles
for E3/E3 genotypes were determined using RT-PCR and methylation status was determined using
Methyl Specific PCR assay in one hundred patients and an equal number of controls.
Results: Four APO-E genotypes (E4/E4, E3/E3, E3/E4, and E2/E3) were identified with different allele
frequency. Among these, E3/E3 genotype and E3 allele were found to be significantly higher in
cases than controls. The present study showed that the mRNA expression of APO-E was up-regulated
in CAD patients with E3/E3 genotype in comparison with controls. Methylation status indicated a significant
association of E3/E3 genotypes with the disease.
Conclusion: Different populations studied worldwide showed inherent variable frequencies of the
APO-E alleles and genotypes, with the most frequent allele being E3. In this study, the APO-E genotypes
E2/E3/E4 showed variable response to CAD, further, there was a significant association of E3/E3
genotypes to CAD risk; this genotype can be suggested for the diagnosis of CAD.
