Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Decline: key features for prevention

Author(s): Ligia J. Dominguez*, Mario Barbagallo, Mariana Muñoz-Garcia, Justyna Godos, Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez

Journal Name: Current Pharmaceutical Design

Volume 25 , Issue 22 , 2019

DOI : 10.2174/1381612825666190722110458

  Journal Home
Become EABM
Become Reviewer

Abstract:

The decline in cognitive function is generally the result of the complex interaction of several factors. First of all, age, but also demographic, educational, genetic, socio-economic, and environmental determinants, including nutrition. Cognitive decline and dementia prevalence are increasing, and they are projected to continue increasing in the next decades due to the aging of the world population. Currently, there are no effective pharmacological treatments for these devastating and disabling conditions, which emphasize the key role of preventive strategies. There is compelling evidence of the role of diet and lifestyle on cognitive function. Therefore, dietary/ nutritional approaches that contribute to prevent, or slow cognitive decline may have a remarkable public health impact. Numerous studies have explored the role of dietary components and patterns on age-associated cognitive decline, with accruing evidence that combinations of foods and nutrients can have synergistic effects beyond those attributable to individual foods or nutrients. Dietary patterns show the strongest evidence for slowing the development of cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias including the Mediterranean diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, and their combination (the MedDiet-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay - MIND), among others with few positive results. There are also dietary patterns with no evidence of such effects. This review examines the evidence for the effects of some dietary patterns as neuroprotective with a potential to delay cognitive decline and the onset of dementia.

Keywords: Cognitive decline, alzheimer, nutrition, aging, diet, dietary pattern, mediterranean diet, vegetable.

[1]
Beard JR, Officer A, de Carvalho IA, et al. The World report on ageing and health: A policy framework for healthy ageing. Lancet 2016; 387(10033): 2145-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00516-4] [PMID: 26520231]
[2]
Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, et al. Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: Reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories. Lancet 2018; 392(10159): 2052-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31694-5] [PMID: 30340847]
[3]
2014 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 2014; 10(2): E47-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2014.02.001] [PMID: 24818261]
[4]
Feldman HH, Haas M, Gandy S, et al. Alzheimer’s disease research and development: A call for a new research roadmap. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1313: 1-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12424] [PMID: 24754377]
[5]
Fink HA, Jutkowitz E, McCarten JR, et al. Pharmacologic interventions to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and clinical alzheimer-type dementia: A systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2018; 168(1): 39-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M17-1529] [PMID: 29255847]
[6]
Butler M, McCreedy E, Nelson VA, et al. Does cognitive training prevent cognitive decline?: A systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2018; 168(1): 63-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M17-1531] [PMID: 29255842]
[7]
Brasure M, Desai P, Davila H, et al. Physical activity interventions in preventing cognitive decline and alzheimer-type dementia: A systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2018; 168(1): 30-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M17-1528] [PMID: 29255839]
[8]
Ngandu T, Lehtisalo J, Solomon A, et al. A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015; 385(9984): 2255-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60461-5] [PMID: 25771249]
[9]
Norton S, Matthews FE, Barnes DE, Yaffe K, Brayne C. Potential for primary prevention of Alzheimer’s disease: An analysis of population-based data. Lancet Neurol 2014; 13(8): 788-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70136-X] [PMID: 25030513]
[10]
Jacobs DR Jr, Orlich MJ. Diet pattern and longevity: Do simple rules suffice? A commentary. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 100(Suppl. 1): 313S-9S.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.071340] [PMID: 24871470]
[11]
Mucke L. Neuroscience: Alzheimer’s disease. Nature 2009; 461(7266): 895-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/461895a] [PMID: 19829367]
[12]
Gu Y, Scarmeas N. Dietary patterns in Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive aging. Curr Alzheimer Res 2011; 8(5): 510-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720511796391836] [PMID: 21605048]
[13]
Zhao C, Noble JM, Marder K, Hartman JS, Gu Y, Scarmeas N. Dietary patterns, physical activity, sleep, and risk for dementia and cognitive decline. Curr Nutr Rep 2018; 7(4): 335-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13668-018-0247-9] [PMID: 30413973]
[14]
Allès B, Samieri C, Féart C, Jutand MA, Laurin D, Barberger-Gateau P. Dietary patterns: A novel approach to examine the link between nutrition and cognitive function in older individuals. Nutr Res Rev 2012; 25(2): 207-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954422412000133] [PMID: 22874455]
[15]
Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M. Dietary approaches and supplements in the prevention of cognitive decline and alzheimer’s disease. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 22(6): 688-700.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666151204000733] [PMID: 26635270]
[16]
Solfrizzi V, Custodero C, Lozupone M, et al. Relationships of dietary patterns, foods, and micro- and macronutrients with alzheimer’s disease and late-life cognitive disorders: A systematic review. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 59(3): 815-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170248] [PMID: 28697569]
[17]
Huijbregts PP, Feskens EJ, Räsänen L, et al. Dietary patterns and cognitive function in elderly men in Finland, Italy and The Netherlands. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 52(11): 826-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600654] [PMID: 9846596]
[18]
Corrêa Leite ML, Nicolosi A, Cristina S, Hauser WA, Nappi G. Nutrition and cognitive deficit in the elderly: A population study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2001; 55(12): 1053-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601270] [PMID: 11781671]
[19]
Tangney CC, Kwasny MJ, Li H, Wilson RS, Evans DA, Morris MC. Adherence to a Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and cognitive decline in a community population. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 93(3): 601-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.007369] [PMID: 21177796]
[20]
Shatenstein B, Kergoat MJ, Reid I. Poor nutrient intakes during 1-year follow-up with community-dwelling older adults with early-stage Alzheimer dementia compared to cognitively intact matched controls. J Am Diet Assoc 2007; 107(12): 2091-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2007.09.008] [PMID: 18060894]
[21]
Wengreen HJ, Neilson C, Munger R, Corcoran C. Diet quality is associated with better cognitive test performance among aging men and women. J Nutr 2009; 139(10): 1944-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.106427] [PMID: 19675102]
[22]
Bach-Faig A, Berry EM, Lairon D, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public Health Nutr 2011; 14(12A): 2274-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980011002515] [PMID: 22166184]
[23]
Martínez-González MA, Hershey MS, Zazpe I, Trichopoulou A. Transferability of the mediterranean diet to non-mediterranean countries. What is and what is not the mediterranean diet. Nutrients 2017; 9(11): 1226.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9111226] [PMID: 29117146]
[24]
Trichopoulou A, Kouris-Blazos A, Wahlqvist ML, et al. Diet and overall survival in elderly people. BMJ 1995; 311(7018): 1457-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.7018.1457] [PMID: 8520331]
[25]
Trichopoulou A, Costacou T, Bamia C, Trichopoulos D. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and survival in a Greek population. N Engl J Med 2003; 348(26): 2599-608.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa025039] [PMID: 12826634]
[26]
Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvadó J, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. N Engl J Med 2018; 378(25)E34
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1800389] [PMID: 29897866]
[27]
Domínguez LJ, Bes-Rastrollo M, de la Fuente-Arrillaga C, et al. Similar prediction of total mortality, diabetes incidence and cardiovascular events using relative- and absolute-component Mediterranean diet score: The SUN cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23(5): 451-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2011.10.009] [PMID: 22402062]
[28]
Dinu M, Pagliai G, Casini A, Sofi F. Mediterranean diet and multiple health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72(1): 30-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2017.58] [PMID: 28488692]
[29]
Martinez-Lacoba R, Pardo-Garcia I, Amo-Saus E, Escribano-Sotos F. Mediterranean diet and health outcomes: A systematic meta-review. Eur J Public Health 2018; 28(5): 955-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cky113] [PMID: 29992229]
[30]
Sofi F, Cesari F, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and health status: Meta-analysis. BMJ 2008; 337: A1344.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a1344] [PMID: 18786971]
[31]
Sofi F, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A. Accruing evidence on benefits of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on health: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92(5): 1189-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.29673] [PMID: 20810976]
[32]
Lourida I, Soni M, Thompson-Coon J, et al. Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, and dementia: A systematic review. Epidemiology 2013; 24(4): 479-89.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182944410] [PMID: 23680940]
[33]
Psaltopoulou T, Sergentanis TN, Panagiotakos DB, Sergentanis IN, Kosti R, Scarmeas N. Mediterranean diet, stroke, cognitive impairment, and depression: A meta-analysis. Ann Neurol 2013; 74(4): 580-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.23944] [PMID: 23720230]
[34]
Singh B, Parsaik AK, Mielke MM, et al. Association of mediterranean diet with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2014; 39(2): 271-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-130830] [PMID: 24164735]
[35]
van de Rest O, Berendsen AA, Haveman-Nies A, de Groot LC. Dietary patterns, cognitive decline, and dementia: A systematic review. Adv Nutr 2015; 6(2): 154-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.114.007617] [PMID: 25770254]
[36]
Petersson SD, Philippou E. Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, and dementia: A systematic review of the evidence. Adv Nutr 2016; 7(5): 889-904.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.116.012138] [PMID: 27633105]
[37]
Cao L, Tan L, Wang HF, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 53(9): 6144-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9516-4] [PMID: 26553347]
[38]
Hardman RJ, Kennedy G, Macpherson H, Scholey AB, Pipingas A. Adherence to a mediterranean-style diet and effects on cognition in adults: A qualitative evaluation and systematic review of longitudinal and prospective trials. Front Nutr 2016; 3: 22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2016.00022] [PMID: 27500135]
[39]
Aridi YS, Walker JL, Wright ORL. The association between the mediterranean dietary pattern and cognitive health: A systematic review. Nutrients 2017; 9(7): 674.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9070674] [PMID: 28657600]
[40]
Knight A, Bryan J, Murphy K. The Mediterranean diet and age-related cognitive functioning: A systematic review of study findings and neuropsychological assessment methodology. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 20(8): 449-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2016.1183341] [PMID: 27192034]
[41]
Wu L, Sun D. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of developing cognitive disorders: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 41317.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep41317] [PMID: 28112268]
[42]
Radd-Vagenas S, Duffy SL, Naismith SL, Brew BJ, Flood VM, Fiatarone Singh MA. Effect of the Mediterranean diet on cognition and brain morphology and function: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 107(3): 389-404.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqx070] [PMID: 29566197]
[43]
Loughrey DG, Lavecchia S, Brennan S, Lawlor BA, Kelly ME. The impact of the mediterranean diet on the cognitive functioning of healthy older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Nutr 2017; 8(4): 571-86.
[PMID: 28710144]
[44]
Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Tang MX, Mayeux R, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet and risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Neurol 2006; 59(6): 912-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.20854] [PMID: 16622828]
[45]
Scarmeas N, Luchsinger JA, Mayeux R, Stern Y. Mediterranean diet and Alzheimer disease mortality. Neurology 2007; 69(11): 1084-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000277320.50685.7c] [PMID: 17846408]
[46]
Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Mayeux R, Manly JJ, Schupf N, Luchsinger JA. Mediterranean diet and mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 2009; 66(2): 216-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2008.536] [PMID: 19204158]
[47]
Scarmeas N, Luchsinger JA, Schupf N, et al. Physical activity, diet, and risk of Alzheimer disease. JAMA 2009; 302(6): 627-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1144] [PMID: 19671904]
[48]
Gu Y, Luchsinger JA, Stern Y, Scarmeas N. Mediterranean diet, inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, and risk of Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 22(2): 483-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2010-100897] [PMID: 20847399]
[49]
Samieri C, Grodstein F, Rosner BA, et al. Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in older age. Epidemiology 2013; 24(4): 490-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e318294a065] [PMID: 23676264]
[50]
Samieri C, Okereke OIE, Devore E, Grodstein F. Long-term adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with overall cognitive status, but not cognitive decline, in women. J Nutr 2013; 143(4): 493-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.112.169896] [PMID: 23365105]
[51]
Samieri C, Sun Q, Townsend MK, et al. The association between dietary patterns at midlife and health in aging: An observational study. Ann Intern Med 2013; 159(9): 584-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050-00004] [PMID: 24189593]
[52]
Tsivgoulis G, Judd S, Letter AJ, et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and risk of incident cognitive impairment. Neurology 2013; 80(18): 1684-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182904f69] [PMID: 23628929]
[53]
Féart C, Samieri C, Rondeau V, et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, cognitive decline, and risk of dementia. JAMA 2009; 302(6): 638-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1146] [PMID: 19671905]
[54]
Féart C, Torrès MJ, Samieri C, et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and plasma fatty acids: Data from the Bordeaux sample of the Three-City study. Br J Nutr 2011; 106(1): 149-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510005805] [PMID: 21303575]
[55]
Solfrizzi V, Panza F, Frisardi V, et al. Diet and Alzheimer’s disease risk factors or prevention: The current evidence. Expert Rev Neurother 2011; 11(5): 677-708.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/ern.11.56] [PMID: 21539488]
[56]
Cherbuin N, Anstey KJ. The Mediterranean diet is not related to cognitive change in a large prospective investigation: The PATH Through Life study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2012; 20(7): 635-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e31823032a9] [PMID: 21937919]
[57]
Gardener S, Gu Y, Rainey-Smith SR, et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and Alzheimer’s disease risk in an Australian population. Transl Psychiatry 2012; 2e164
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2012.91] [PMID: 3032941]
[58]
Tangney CC, Kwasny MJ, Li H, Wilson RS, Evans DA, Morris MC. Adherence to a Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and cognitive decline in a community population. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 93(3): 601-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.007369] [PMID: 21177796]
[59]
Koyama A, Houston DK, Simonsick EM, et al. Association between the Mediterranean diet and cognitive decline in a biracial population. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 70(3): 354-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu097] [PMID: 24994847]
[60]
Sánchez-Villegas A, Galbete C, Martinez-González MA, et al. The effect of the Mediterranean diet on plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized trial. Nutr Neurosci 2011; 14(5): 195-201.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1476830511Y.0000000011] [PMID: 22005283]
[61]
Martínez-Lapiscina EH, Clavero P, Toledo E, et al. Mediterranean diet improves cognition: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013; 84(12): 1318-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-304792] [PMID: 23670794]
[62]
Martínez-Lapiscina EH, Clavero P, Toledo E, et al. Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized, trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2013; 17(6): 544-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0027-6] [PMID: 23732551]
[63]
Martínez-Lapiscina EH, Galbete C, Corella D, et al. Genotype patterns at CLU, CR1, PICALM and APOE, cognition and Mediterranean diet: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial. Genes Nutr 2014; 9(3): 393.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12263-014-0393-7] [PMID: 24643340]
[64]
Valls-Pedret C, Sala-Vila A, Serra-Mir M, et al. Mediterranean diet and age-related cognitive decline: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med 2015; 175(7): 1094-103.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.1668] [PMID: 25961184]
[65]
Lee J, Pase M, Pipingas A, et al. Switching to a 10-day Mediterranean-style diet improves mood and cardiovascular function in a controlled crossover study. Nutrition 2015; 31(5): 647-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2014.10.008] [PMID: 25837207]
[66]
Knight A, Bryan J, Wilson C, Hodgson JM, Davis CR, Murphy KJ. The mediterranean diet and cognitive function among healthy older adults in a 6-month randomised controlled trial: The medley study. Nutrients 2016; 8(9): 579.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8090579] [PMID: 27657119]
[67]
McMillan L, Owen L, Kras M, Scholey A. Behavioural effects of a 10-day Mediterranean diet. Results from a pilot study evaluating mood and cognitive performance. Appetite 2011; 56(1): 143-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2010.11.149] [PMID: 21115083]
[68]
Wardle J, Rogers P, Judd P, et al. Randomized trial of the effects of cholesterol-lowering dietary treatment on psychological function. Am J Med 2000; 108(7): 547-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(00)00330-2] [PMID: 10806283]
[69]
Richard EL, Laughlin GA, Kritz-Silverstein D, Reas ET, Barrett-Connor E, McEvoy LK. Dietary patterns and cognitive function among older community-dwelling adults. Nutrients 2018; 10(8): 1088.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10081088] [PMID: 30110945]
[70]
Mosconi L, Murray J, Tsui WH, et al. Mediterranean diet and magnetic resonance imaging-assessed brain atrophy in cognitively normal individuals at risk for alzheimer’s disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2014; 1(1): 23-32.
[PMID: 25237654]
[71]
Staubo SC, Aakre JA, Vemuri P, et al. Mediterranean diet, micronutrients and macronutrients, and MRI measures of cortical thickness. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13(2): 168-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.2359] [PMID: 27461490]
[72]
Gu Y, Brickman AM, Stern Y, et al. Mediterranean diet and brain structure in a multiethnic elderly cohort. Neurology 2015; 85(20): 1744-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000002121] [PMID: 26491085]
[73]
Pelletier A, Barul C, Féart C, et al. Mediterranean diet and preserved brain structural connectivity in older subjects. Alzheimers Dement 2015; 11(9): 1023-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.06.1888] [PMID: 26190494]
[74]
Yannakoulia M, Kontogianni M, Scarmeas N. Cognitive health and Mediterranean diet: Just diet or lifestyle pattern? Ageing Res Rev 2015; 20: 74-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2014.10.003] [PMID: 25461244]
[75]
Malone JC, Liu SR, Vaillant GE, Rentz DM, Waldinger RJ. Midlife Eriksonian psychosocial development: Setting the stage for late-life cognitive and emotional health. Dev Psychol 2016; 52(3): 496-508.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0039875] [PMID: 26551530]
[76]
Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med 2001; 344(1): 3-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200101043440101] [PMID: 11136953]
[77]
Tyson CC, Nwankwo C, Lin PH, Svetkey LP. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern in special populations. Curr Hypertens Rep 2012; 14(5): 388-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11906-012-0296-1] [PMID: 22846984]
[78]
Maddock J, Ziauddeen N, Ambrosini GL, Wong A, Hardy R, Ray S. Adherence to a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-type diet over the life course and associated vascular function: A study based on the MRC 1946 British birth cohort. Br J Nutr 2018; 119(5): 581-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114517003877] [PMID: 29508688]
[79]
Vogt TM, Appel LJ, Obarzanek E, et al. Dietary approaches to stop hypertension: Rationale, design, and methods. J Am Diet Assoc 1999; 99(8)(Suppl.): S12-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00411-3] [PMID: 10450289]
[80]
Wengreen H, Munger RG, Cutler A, et al. Prospective study of dietary approaches to stop hypertension- and mediterranean-style dietary patterns and age-related cognitive change: The cache county study on memory, health and aging. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98(5): 1263-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.051276] [PMID: 24047922]
[81]
Berendsen AAM, Kang JH, van de Rest O, Feskens EJM, de Groot LCPGM, Grodstein F. The dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, cognitive function, and cognitive decline in american older women. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18(5): 427-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.11.026] [PMID: 28108204]
[82]
Tangney CC, Li H, Wang Y, et al. Relation of DASH- and Mediterranean-like dietary patterns to cognitive decline in older persons. Neurology 2014; 83(16): 1410-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000884] [PMID: 25230996]
[83]
Morris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, et al. MIND diet slows cognitive decline with aging. Alzheimers Dement 2015; 11(9): 1015-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.04.011] [PMID: 26086182]
[84]
Morris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, Sacks FM, Bennett DA, Aggarwal NT. MIND diet associated with reduced incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2015; 11(9): 1007-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2014.11.009] [PMID: 25681666]
[85]
Marcason W. What are the components to the mind diet? J Acad Nutr Diet 2015; 115(10): 1744.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2015.08.002] [PMID: 26407649]
[86]
Morris MC, Evans DA, Tangney CC, Bienias JL, Wilson RS. Associations of vegetable and fruit consumption with age-related cognitive change. Neurology 2006; 67(8): 1370-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000240224.38978.d8] [PMID: 17060562]
[87]
Morris MC, Wang Y, Barnes LL, Bennett DA, Dawson-Hughes B, Booth SL. Nutrients and bioactives in green leafy vegetables and cognitive decline: Prospective study. Neurology 2018; 90(3): E214-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004815] [PMID: 29263222]
[88]
Corrêa Leite ML, Nicolosi A, Cristina S, Hauser WA, Nappi G. Nutrition and cognitive deficit in the elderly: A population study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2001; 55(12): 1053-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601270] [PMID: 11781671]
[89]
Huijbregts PP, Feskens EJ, Räsänen L, et al. Dietary patterns and cognitive function in elderly men in Finland, Italy and The Netherlands. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 52(11): 826-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600654] [PMID: 9846596]
[90]
Ye X, Scott T, Gao X, Maras JE, Bakun PJ, Tucker KL. Mediterranean diet, healthy eating index 2005, and cognitive function in middle-aged and older puerto rican adults. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013; 113(2): 276-81. e1-3.
[91]
Chan R, Chan D, Woo J. A cross sectional study to examine the association between dietary patterns and cognitive impairment in older Chinese people in Hong Kong. J Nutr Health Aging 2013; 17(9): 757-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0348-5] [PMID: 24154648]
[92]
Samieri C, Jutand MA, Féart C, Capuron L, Letenneur L, Barberger-Gateau P. Dietary patterns derived by hybrid clustering method in older people: Association with cognition, mood, and self-rated health. J Am Diet Assoc 2008; 108(9): 1461-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.06.437] [PMID: 18755318]
[93]
Wengreen HJ, Neilson C, Munger R, Corcoran C. Diet quality is associated with better cognitive test performance among aging men and women. J Nutr 2009; 139(10): 1944-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.106427] [PMID: 19675102]
[94]
Shatenstein B, Ferland G, Belleville S, et al. Diet quality and cognition among older adults from the NuAge study. Exp Gerontol 2012; 47(5): 353-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2012.02.002] [PMID: 22386581]
[95]
Smyth A, Dehghan M, O’Donnell M, et al. Healthy eating and reduced risk of cognitive decline: A cohort from 40 countries. Neurology 2015; 84(22): 2258-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001638] [PMID: 25948720]
[96]
Kesse-Guyot E, Amieva H, Castetbon K, et al. Adherence to nutritional recommendations and subsequent cognitive performance: Findings from the prospective Supplementation with Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals 2 (SU.VI.MAX 2) study. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 93(1): 200-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.29761] [PMID: 21106918]
[97]
Ozawa M, Ninomiya T, Ohara T, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of dementia in an elderly Japanese population: The Hisayama Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 97(5): 1076-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.045575] [PMID: 23553168]
[98]
Kesse-Guyot E, Andreeva VA, Jeandel C, Ferry M, Hercberg S, Galan P. A healthy dietary pattern at midlife is associated with subsequent cognitive performance. J Nutr 2012; 142(5): 909-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.111.156257] [PMID: 22457391]
[99]
Gu Y, Nieves JW, Stern Y, Luchsinger JA, Scarmeas N. Food combination and Alzheimer disease risk: A protective diet. Arch Neurol 2010; 67(6): 699-706.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.84] [PMID: 20385883]
[100]
Shakersain B, Santoni G, Larsson SC, et al. Prudent diet may attenuate the adverse effects of Western diet on cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement 2016; 12(2): 100-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.002] [PMID: 26342761]
[101]
Jacka FN, Cherbuin N, Anstey KJ, Sachdev P, Butterworth P. Western diet is associated with a smaller hippocampus: A longitudinal investigation. BMC Med 2015; 13: 215.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0461-x] [PMID: 26349802]
[102]
Yamada T, Kadekaru H, Matsumoto S, et al. Prevalence of dementia in the older Japanese-Brazilian population. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2002; 56(1): 71-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1819.2002.00931.x] [PMID: 11929573]
[103]
Giem P, Beeson WL, Fraser GE. The incidence of dementia and intake of animal products: Preliminary findings from the Adventist Health Study. Neuroepidemiology 1993; 12(1): 28-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000110296] [PMID: 8327020]
[104]
Boraxbekk CJ, Stomby A, Ryberg M, et al. Diet-induced weight loss alters functional brain responses during an episodic memory task. Obes Facts 2015; 8(4): 261-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437157] [PMID: 26139105]
[105]
Reger MA, Henderson ST, Hale C, et al. Effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on cognition in memory-impaired adults. Neurobiol Aging 2004; 25(3): 311-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0197-4580(03)00087-3] [PMID: 15123336]
[106]
Henderson ST, Vogel JL, Barr LJ, Garvin F, Jones JJ, Costantini LC. Study of the ketogenic agent AC-1202 in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2009; 6: 31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-6-31] [PMID: 19664276]
[107]
Taylor MK, Sullivan DK, Mahnken JD, Burns JM, Swerdlow RH. Feasibility and efficacy data from a ketogenic diet intervention in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2017; 4: 28-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trci.2017.11.002] [PMID: 29955649]
[108]
Morris MC, Evans DA, Tangney CC, et al. Dietary copper and high saturated and trans fat intakes associated with cognitive decline. Arch Neurol 2006; 63(8): 1085-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.63.8.1085] [PMID: 16908733]
[109]
Pajonk FG, Kessler H, Supprian T, et al. Cognitive decline correlates with low plasma concentrations of copper in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2005; 8(1): 23-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2005-8103] [PMID: 16155346]
[110]
Squitti R, Siotto M, Polimanti R. Low-copper diet as a preventive strategy for Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35(Suppl. 2): S40-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.02.031] [PMID: 24913894]
[111]
de la Torre JC. Vascular risk factors: A ticking time bomb to Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2013; 28(6): 551-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317513494457] [PMID: 23813612]
[112]
Emmerzaal TL, Kiliaan AJ, Gustafson DR. 2003-2013: A decade of body mass index, Alzheimer’s disease, and dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 43(3): 739-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-141086] [PMID: 25147111]
[113]
Jahangiri A, Wilson PG, Hou T, Brown A, King VL, Tannock LR. Serum amyloid A is found on ApoB-containing lipoproteins in obese humans with diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21(5): 993-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.20126] [PMID: 23784902]
[114]
Gustafson DR, Karlsson C, Skoog I, Rosengren L, Lissner L, Blennow K. Mid-life adiposity factors relate to blood-brain barrier integrity in late life. J Intern Med 2007; 262(6): 643-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01869.x] [PMID: 17986201]
[115]
Grant RW, Dixit VD. Adipose tissue as an immunological organ. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23(3): 512-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.21003] [PMID: 25612251]
[116]
Harford KA, Reynolds CM, McGillicuddy FC, Roche HM. Fats, inflammation and insulin resistance: Insights to the role of macrophage and T-cell accumulation in adipose tissue. Proc Nutr Soc 2011; 70(4): 408-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0029665111000565] [PMID: 21835098]
[117]
Velloso LA, Folli F, Saad MJ. Tlr4 at the crossroads of nutrients, gut microbiota, and metabolic inflammation. Endocr Rev 2015; 36(3): 245-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/er.2014-1100] [PMID: 25811237]
[118]
Liang J, Matheson BE, Kaye WH, Boutelle KN. Neurocognitive correlates of obesity and obesity-related behaviors in children and adolescents. Int J Obes 2014; 38(4): 494-506.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2013.142] [PMID: 23913029]
[119]
Calder PC, Ahluwalia N, Brouns F, et al. Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity. Br J Nutr 2011; 106(Suppl. 3): S5-S78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511005460] [PMID: 22133051]
[120]
Cholerton B, Baker LD, Craft S. Insulin, cognition, and dementia. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 719(1-3): 170-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.08.008] [PMID: 24070815]
[121]
Geijselaers SLC, Sep SJS, Stehouwer CDA, Biessels GJ. Glucose regulation, cognition, and brain MRI in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 3(1): 75-89.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70148-2] [PMID: 25163604]
[122]
Kelly KR, Haus JM, Solomon TP, et al. A low-glycemic index diet and exercise intervention reduces TNF(alpha) in isolated mononuclear cells of older, obese adults. J Nutr 2011; 141(6): 1089-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.111.139964] [PMID: 21525252]
[123]
Bayer-Carter JL, Green PS, Montine TJ, et al. Diet intervention and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 2011; 68(6): 743-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.125] [PMID: 21670398]
[124]
Kapogiannis D, Mattson MP. Disrupted energy metabolism and neuronal circuit dysfunction in cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet Neurol 2011; 10(2): 187-98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70277-5] [PMID: 21147038]
[125]
Mao P, Reddy PH. Aging and amyloid beta-induced oxidative DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease: Implications for early intervention and therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1812(11): 1359-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.08.005] [PMID: 21871956]
[126]
Heneka MT, Carson MJ, El Khoury J, et al. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet Neurol 2015; 14(4): 388-405.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(15)70016-5] [PMID: 25792098]
[127]
Cherry JD, Olschowka JA, O’Banion MK. Neuroinflammation and M2 microglia: The good, the bad, and the inflamed. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11: 98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-11-98] [PMID: 24889886]
[128]
Karran E, Mercken M, De Strooper B. The amyloid cascade hypothesis for Alzheimer’s disease: An appraisal for the development of therapeutics. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011; 10(9): 698-712.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd3505] [PMID: 21852788]
[129]
Yasuno F, Ota M, Kosaka J, et al. Increased binding of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor in Alzheimer’s disease measured by positron emission tomography with [11C]DAA1106. Biol Psychiatry 2008; 64(10): 835-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.04.021] [PMID: 18514164]
[130]
Yuste JE, Tarragon E, Campuzano CM, Ros-Bernal F. Implications of glial nitric oxide in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9: 322.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2015.00322] [PMID: 26347610]
[131]
Cattaneo A, Cattane N, Galluzzi S, et al. Association of brain amyloidosis with pro-inflammatory gut bacterial taxa and peripheral inflammation markers in cognitively impaired elderly. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 49: 60-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.019] [PMID: 27776263]
[132]
Martinez-Vicente M. Autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases: From pathogenic dysfunction to therapeutic modulation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 40: 115-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.03.005] [PMID: 25843774]
[133]
Perluigi M, Di Domenico F, Butterfield DA. mTOR signaling in aging and neurodegeneration: At the crossroad between metabolism dysfunction and impairment of autophagy. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 84: 39-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2015.03.014] [PMID: 25796566]
[134]
Bacchetti T, Vignini A, Giulietti A, et al. Higher levels of oxidized low density lipoproteins in Alzheimer’s disease patients: Roles for platelet activating factor acetyl hydrolase and paraoxonase-1. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 46(1): 179-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-143096] [PMID: 25720407]
[135]
Rooney C, McKinley MC, Woodside JV. The potential role of fruit and vegetables in aspects of psychological well-being: A review of the literature and future directions. Proc Nutr Soc 2013; 72(4): 420-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0029665113003388] [PMID: 24020691]
[136]
Mottaghi T, Amirabdollahian F, Haghighatdoost F. Fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72(10): 1336-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41430-017-0005-x] [PMID: 29235561]
[137]
Wu L, Sun D, Tan Y. Intake of fruit and vegetables and the incident risk of cognitive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21(10): 1284-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-017-0875-6] [PMID: 29188891]
[138]
Grosso G, Estruch R. Nut consumption and age-related disease. Maturitas 2016; 84: 11-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.10.014] [PMID: 26586104]
[139]
Chedraui P, Pérez-López FR. Nutrition and health during mid-life: Searching for solutions and meeting challenges for the aging population. Climacteric 2013; 16(Suppl. 1): 85-95.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13697137.2013.802884] [PMID: 23651240]
[140]
Barbour JA, Howe PR, Buckley JD, Bryan J, Coates AM. Nut consumption for vascular health and cognitive function. Nutr Res Rev 2014; 27(1): 131-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954422414000079] [PMID: 24866624]
[141]
Rigacci S. Olive oil phenols as promising multi-targeting agents against Alzheimer’s disease. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 863: 1-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18365-7_1] [PMID: 26092624]
[142]
Rodríguez-Morató J, Xicota L, Fitó M, Farré M, Dierssen M, de la Torre R. Potential role of olive oil phenolic compounds in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Molecules 2015; 20(3): 4655-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules20034655] [PMID: 25781069]
[143]
Cederholm T. Fish consumption and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for prevention or treatment of cognitive decline, dementia or Alzheimer’s disease in older adults - any news? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20(2): 104-9.
[PMID: 27977429]
[144]
Marventano S, Kolacz P, Castellano S, et al. A review of recent evidence in human studies of n-3 and n-6 PUFA intake on cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depressive disorders: Does the ratio really matter? Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66(6): 611-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2015.1077790] [PMID: 26307560]
[145]
Solfrizzi V, Agosti P, Lozupone M, et al. Nutritional intervention as a preventive approach for cognitive-related outcomes in cognitively healthy older adults: A systematic review. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 64(s1): S229-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-179940] [PMID: 29865058]
[146]
Mazzanti G, Di Giacomo S. Curcumin and resveratrol in the management of cognitive disorders: What is the clinical evidence? Molecules 2016; 21(9)E1243
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules21091243] [PMID: 7649135]
[147]
Scholey A, Owen L. Effects of chocolate on cognitive function and mood: A systematic review. Nutr Rev 2013; 71(10): 665-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nure.12065] [PMID: 24117885]
[148]
Sokolov AN, Pavlova MA, Klosterhalfen S, Enck P. Chocolate and the brain: Neurobiological impact of cocoa flavanols on cognition and behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37(10 Pt 2): 2445-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.06.013] [PMID: 23810791]
[149]
Mancini E, Beglinger C, Drewe J, Zanchi D, Lang UE, Borgwardt S. Green tea effects on cognition, mood and human brain function: A systematic review. Phytomedicine 2017; 34: 26-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2017.07.008] [PMID: 28899506]
[150]
Polito CA, Cai ZY, Shi YL, et al. Association of tea consumption with risk of Alzheimer’s disease and anti-beta-amyloid effects of tea. Nutrients 2018; 10(5)E655
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10050655] [PMID: 29789466]
[151]
Wu L, Sun D, He Y. Coffee intake and the incident risk of cognitive disorders: A dose-response meta-analysis of nine prospective cohort studies. Clin Nutr 2017; 36(3): 730-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.05.015] [PMID: 27288328]
[152]
Panza F, Solfrizzi V, Barulli MR, et al. Coffee, tea, and caffeine consumption and prevention of late-life cognitive decline and dementia: A systematic review. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 19(3): 313-28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-014-0563-8] [PMID: 25732217]
[153]
Scarmeas N, Anastasiou CA, Yannakoulia M. Nutrition and prevention of cognitive impairment. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17(11): 1006-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30338-7] [PMID: 30244829]
[154]
Chen X, Maguire B, Brodaty H, O’Leary F. Dietary patterns and cognitive health in older adults: A systematic review. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 67(2): 583-619.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-180468] [PMID: 30689586]


Rights & PermissionsPrintExport Cite as

Article Details

VOLUME: 25
ISSUE: 22
Year: 2019
Page: [2428 - 2442]
Pages: 15
DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190722110458
Price: $65

Article Metrics

PDF: 56
HTML: 12
EPUB: 1



Related Article(s)

Most Downloaded Article(s)