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ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

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Review Article

Vitamin D and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight Adults: An Overview of the Evidence

Author(s): Ana Valer-Martinez, J. Alfredo Martinez, Carmen Sayon-Orea, Fabio Galvano, Giuseppe Grosso* and Maira Bes-Rastrollo *

Volume 25, Issue 22, 2019

Page: [2407 - 2420] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190722103919

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Several studies have suggested a potential association between low vitamin D serum levels and several pathological conditions apart from the well-known bone disorders. Thus, vitamin D insufficiency has been linked to cardiometabolic risk factors including obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, as well as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Objective: This review intends to provide an overview of recent evidence from clinical studies on vitamin D [25- hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)] and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight adults. Furthermore, we also discussed potential mechanisms and limits of the retrieved results.

Methods: The search process was based on the selection of publications (RCT) listed in PubMed and Cochrane Library databases.

Results: Vitamin D status evidenced an inversely strong association with subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adiposity, but not significantly related to other bodyweight measures (i.e., body mass index). Studies have shown a potential inverse association of hypovitaminosis D with insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusion: The mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency enhances adiposity, as well as putative association with metabolic syndrome features, remain still unclear. Further investigation would be required to conclude whether vitamin D has an independent role in preventing cardiometabolic disorders.

Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D, body mass index, obesity, overweight, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease.

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