Chapter - Second-Generation Protein Kinase Inhibitor – A Focus on Quizartinib, A Promising Targeted Therapy for High-Risk FLT3+ Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract

Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is one of the most commonly mutated genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While first-generation FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors are relatively non-specific for FLT3 with other potential targets, the nextgeneration inhibitors appear more potent and selective. Among them quizartinib is the most clinically advanced. The greater potency and selectivity of this drug promises greater efficacy and less toxicity in FLT3-mutated AML. It is currently studied across virtually all disease settings, and its use in combination with chemotherapy appears promising in FLT3+ patients. In this review, we summarize the current data on quizartinib and the encouraging clinical data that have also emerged with other secondor further-generation FLT3 inhibitors, after recalling results observed with firstgeneration inhibitors.

Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Chemotherapy, c-Kit Inhibition, FLT3 inhibitors, Prognosis, Quizartinib, Relapse, Targeted Therapy, Treatment, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.