Title:Design Based Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of <i>Marrubium vulgare</i> Linn and Comparative Evaluation of Extracts for Furan Labdane Diterpene (Marrubiin) Concentration and Antihypertensive Potential
VOLUME: 16 ISSUE: 6
Author(s):Arun Nanda and Vineet Mittal*
Affiliation:Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak (124 001), Haryana, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak (124 001), Haryana
Keywords:Central composite design, glutathione, High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), mean systolic
blood pressure, Scanning Electron Micrography (SEM).
Abstract:
Background: Improvement in extract quality in terms of concentration of secondary metabolites
and pharmacological activity has always been the need of the hour. In the present research, the
target was to extract the selected medicinal herb using the ultrasound waves and to optimize the extraction
conditions for the improvement in the quality of extract with respect to furan labdane diterpene
(marrubiin) concentration and antihypertensive potential.
Methods: The whole plant of Marrubium vulgare Linn. was collected from the fields of Pulwama district
of Jammu and Kashmir state in India and extracted by cold maceration (MVM) and ultrasound
assisted extraction techniques (MVU). The response surface methodology coupled with the central
composite design was employed to optimize the selected extraction parameters in UAE method. The
marrubiin concentration in different extracts was determined by HPTLC. The extracts were also evaluated
for the antihypertensive potential by non-invasive blood pressure monitoring (NIBPM) method.
Results: The extract yield (14.2 ± 0.9%) and concentration of marrubiin (0.91 ± 0.04%) were significantly
improved at the optimized UAE conditions (Ultrasound power 467 W, sonication time of 47
minutes and solvent concentration of 33 mL per g of drug) as compared to the conventional method.
Furthermore, the MVU extract (200 mg/kg) along with ethanol significantly (p<0.01) prevented the rise
in mean systolic blood pressure (MSBP) of animals and also the GSH was significantly (p<0.05) enhanced
as compared to ethanol-treated animals.
Conclusion: The elevation in MSBP and decrease in reduced glutathione concentration (GSH) by the
chronic ethanol consumption were significantly altered by MVU extract as compared to MVM extract.
The enhanced antihypertensive effect of selected herb may be attributed to the improved concentration
of secondary metabolites (marrubiin) in MVU extract obtained at optimized conditions.