Abstract
Background: Recently, organic synthesis using ionic liquids (ILs) via green approach has attracted considerable attention to address the problem associated with environmental pollution. Magnetization of ILs provides added advantages of separation by external magnet. This can be accomplished by incorporation of high-spin iron(III) in the form of tetrachloro or tetrabromoferrate( III). Thus, synthesis of novel magnetically separable ILs for organic transformations is highly desirable.
Results: [AcMIm]FeCl4 ionic liquid showed excellent catalytic activity in the one pot threecomponent synthesis tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives at room temperature in excellent yields (94-98 %) within short reaction time (15-20 min.). The ILs were recovered and reused for at least six times with the minimum loss of catalytic activity.
Methods: Here, we have demonstrated the excellent catalytic activity of acid functionalized magnetic Ils, [AcMIm]FeCl4 in one-pot multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of biologically important tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives.
Conclusion: A facile and convenient methodology has been developed for the synthesis of bio-active tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives using [AcMIm]FeCl4 ionic liquid as an sufficient and reusable catalyst under environment-benign conditions.
Keywords: [AcMIM]FeCl4, clean synthesis, catalytic, magnetically separable organocatalyst, tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives, tetrachloro or tetrabromoferrate(III).
Graphical Abstract
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(l)Tabatabaeian, K.; Heidari, H.; Mamaghani, M.; Mahmoodi, N. Ru(II) complexes bearing tertiary phosphine ligands: a novel and efficient homogeneous catalyst for one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromene and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. Appl. Organomet. Chem., 2012, 26(2), 56-61.
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(c) Balalaie, S.; Ahmadi, M.; Bararjanian, M. Tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide: An efficient and versatile catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives in aqueous media. Catal. Commun., 2007, 8(11), 1724-1728.
(d) Balalaie, S.; Bararjanian, M.; Ahmadi, M.; Hekmat, S.; Salehi, P. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate: An efficient and versatile catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives in aqueous media. Synth. Commun., 2007, 37, 1097-1108.
(e) Guo, S.B.; Wang, S.X.; Li, J.T. D,L Proline-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of pyrans and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives by a grinding method under solvent-free conditions. Synth. Commun., 2007, 37, 2111-2120.
(f) Ranu, B.C.; Banerjee, S.; Roy, S. A task specific basic ionic liquid,[bmIm] OH-promoted efficient, green and one-pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo [b] pyran derivatives. Indian. Chem, 2008, 47B, 1108-1112.
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(h) Tahmassebi, D.; Bryson, J.; Binz, S. 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane as an Efficient catalyst for a clean, one-pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives via multicomponent reaction in aqueous media. Synth. Commun., 2011, 41, 2701-2711.
(i)Wang, X.; Shi, D.; Tu, S.; Yao, C. A convenient synthesis of 5-Oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4 H -benzo-[b]-pyran derivatives catalyzed by KF-alumina. Synth. Commun., 2003, 33, 119-126.
(j)Hekmatshoar, R.; Majedi, S.; Bakhtiari, K. Sodium selenate catalyzed simple and efficient synthesis of tetrahydro benzo[b]pyran derivatives. Catal. Commun., 2008, 9(2), 307-310.
(k)Seifi, M.; Sheibani, H. High surface area MgO as a highly effective heterogeneous base catalyst for three-component synthesis of tetrahydrobenzopyran and 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromene derivatives in aqueous media. Catal. Lett., 2008, 126(3-4), 275-279.
(l)Tabatabaeian, K.; Heidari, H.; Mamaghani, M.; Mahmoodi, N. Ru(II) complexes bearing tertiary phosphine ligands: a novel and efficient homogeneous catalyst for one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromene and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. Appl. Organomet. Chem., 2012, 26(2), 56-61.
(m)Fotouhi, L.; Heravi, M.; Fatehi, A.; Bakhtiari, K. Electrogenerated base-promoted synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett., 2007, 48(31), 5379-5381.
(n)Jin, S.; Wang, Q.; Wang, X; Zhang, S.; Li, S. A clean one-pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives catalyzed by hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide in aqueous media. Synlett, 2004, 5, 0871-0873.
(o)Tu, S.; Gao, Y.; Guo, C.; Shi, D.; Lu, Z. A convenient synthesis of 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5-oxo-4-aryl-7,7-dimethyl-4h-benzo-[b]-pyran-3-carbonitrile under microwave irradiation. Synth. Commun., 2002, 32, 2137-2141.
(p)Banerjee, S.; Saha, A. Free-ZnO nanoparticles: a mild, efficient and reusable catalyst for the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and dihydropyrimidone derivatives. New J. Chem., 2013, 37(12), 4170-4175.
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