Generic placeholder image

Current Drug Discovery Technologies

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-1638
ISSN (Online): 1875-6220

Review Article

A Review on Influence of Spray Drying Process Parameters on the Production of Medicinal Plant Powders

Author(s): Loreana Gallo* and Verónica Bucalá

Volume 16, Issue 4, 2019

Page: [340 - 354] Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180801152918

Price: $65

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used by 80% of the world population as primary health care and the phytomedicine market is growing exponentially. Currently, the production of phytopharmaceuticals with proper efficacy, safety and consistent quality constitutes a relevant challenge. The dried dosage forms of medicinal plants are preferred than liquid presentations because of their higher stability. The spray drying technology is the most employed process to produce dried extracts from medicinal plant liquid extracts. These powders need to meet certain physicochemical (e.g., moisture content, hygroscopicity, particle size, density, the concentration of active ingredients) and mechanical (e.g., flowability and compressibility) properties to be used in a solid pharmaceutical form. In addition, high process yields and good powder quality can be obtained by selecting suitable process parameters: spray drying operating conditions and type/concentration of carriers (drying coadjuvants). The optimal process parameters are strongly affected by the chemical nature of the medicinal plant extract. This review aims to give a general guide to understand the effect of the process parameters on the product properties and process yield. This guideline could help practitioners and researchers to initially select the levels of the process variables to decrease the time and cost of the development stage of medicinal plants powders.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, phytopharmaceuticals, spray drying, process parameters, operating conditions, carriers.

Graphical Abstract
[1]
Carmona F, Pereira AMS. Herbal medicines: Old and new concepts, truths and misunderstandings. Brazilian J Pharmacogn 2013; 23(2): 379-85.
[2]
Robinson MM, Zhang X. The world medicines situation 2011 Traditional medicine: global situation, issues, and challenges. 3rd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization 2011.
[3]
David B, Wolfender JL, Dias DA. The pharmaceutical industry and natural products: Historical status and new trends. Phytochem Rev 2014; 14(2): 299-315.
[4]
Kopp B. High acceptance of herbal medicinal products: What does the future hold? Wien Med Wochenschr 2015; 165(11-12): 215-6.
[5]
Banerjee S, Mitra A. Changing landscape of herbal medicine: Technology attributing renaissance. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012; 4(1): 47-52.
[6]
Souza CRF, Schiavetto IA, Thomazini FCF, Oliveira WP. Processing of Rosmarinus officinalis linne extract on spray and spouted bed dryers. Braz J Chem Eng 2008; 25(1): 59-69.
[7]
Tong HHY, Wong SYS, Law MWL, Chu KKW, Chow AHL. Anti-hygroscopic effect of dextrans in herbal formulations. Int J Pharm 2008; 363(1-2): 99-105.
[8]
Gallo L, Ramírez-Rigo MV, Piña J, Bucalá V. A comparative study of spray-dried medicinal plant aqueous extracts. Drying perf ormance and product quality. Chem Eng Res Des 2015; 104: 681-94.
[9]
Goula AM, Adamopoulos KG. A new technique for spray drying orange juice concentrate. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol 2010; 11(2): 342-51.
[10]
Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Bauer R. The relevance of pharmacognosy in pharmacological research on herbal medicinal products. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 52: 344-62.
[11]
Farzaneh V, Carvalho IS. A review of the health benefit potentials of herbal plant infusions and their mechanism of actions. Ind Crops Prod 2015; 65: 247-58.
[12]
Pop C, Ranga F, Fetea F, Socaciu C. Application of three alternative technologies (spray drying, fluid bed drying and freeze drying) to obtain powdered formulas from plants with antimicrobial potential. Bull UASVM Anim Sci Biotechnol 2013; 70(1): 95-103.
[13]
Oliveira OW, Petrovick PR. Secagem por aspersão (spray drying) de extratos vegetais: Bases e aplicações. Brazilian J Pharmacogn 2010; 20(4): 641-50.
[14]
Sosnik A, Seremeta KP. Advantages and challenges of the spray-drying technology for the production of pure drug particles and drug-loaded polymeric carriers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 223: 40-54.
[15]
Masters K. Spray Drying Handbook. 3rd ed. London: George Godwin Limited 1979.
[16]
Mujumdar AS. Handbook of Industrial Drying. 3rd ed. Singapore: CRC Press 2006.
[17]
Bhusari SN, Muzaffar K, Kumar P. Effect of carrier agents on physical and microstructural properties of spray dried tamarind pulp powder. Powder Technol 2014; 266: 354-64.
[18]
Daza LD, Fujita A, Fávaro-Trindade CS, Rodrigues-Ract JN, Granato D, Genovese MI. Effect of spray drying conditions on the physical properties of Cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) fruit extracts. Food Bioprod Process 2016; 97: 20-9.
[19]
Medina-Torres L, Santiago-Adame R, Calderas F, et al. Microencapsulation by spray drying of laurel infusions (Litsea glaucescens) with maltodextrin. Ind Crops Prod 2016; 90: 1-8.
[20]
Tontul I, Topuz A. Spray-drying of fruit and vegetable juices: Effect of drying conditions on the product yield and physical properties. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017; 63: 91-102.
[21]
Verma A, Singh SV. Spray Drying of Fruit and Vegetable Juices-A Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 55(5): 701-19.
[22]
Krishnaiah D, Bono A, Sarbatly R, Nithyanandam R, Anisuzzaman SM. Optimisation of spray drying operating conditions of Morinda citrifolia L. fruit extract using response surface methodology. J King Saud Univ -. Eng Sci 2015; 27(1): 26-36.
[23]
Shishir MRI, Chen W. Trends of spray drying: A critical review on drying of fruit and vegetable juices. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017; 65: 49-67.
[24]
Tsao R. Chemistry and biochemistry of dietary polyphenols. Nutrients 2010; 2(12): 1231-46.
[25]
Pace Pereira Lima G, Vianello F, Corrêa CR, Arnoux R, Campos DS, Borguini MG. Polyphenols in fruits and vegetables and its effect on human health. Food Nutr Sci 2014; 5(5): 1065-82.
[26]
Fernandes LP, Candido RC, Oliveira WP. Spray drying microencapsulation of Lippia sidoides extracts in carbohydrate blends. Food Bioprod Process 2012; 90(3): 425-32.
[27]
Xu DP, Li Y, Meng X, et al. Natural antioxidants in foods and medicinal plants: extraction, assessment and resources. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18(1): 20-31.
[28]
Bezerra MA, Santelli RE, Oliveira EP, Villar LS, Escaleira LA. Response surface methodology (RSM) as a tool for optimization in analytical chemistry. Talanta 2008; 76(5): 965-77.
[29]
Horuz E, Altan A, Maskan M. Spray drying and process optimization of unclarified Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Juice. Dry Technol 2012; 30(7): 787-98.
[30]
Vardin H, Yasar M. Optimisation of pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) juice spray-drying as affected by temperature and maltodextrin content. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012; 47(1): 167-76.
[31]
Santana AA, Kurozawa LE, De Oliveira RA, Park KJ. Influence of process conditions on the physicochemical properties of pequi powder produced by spray drying. Dry Technol 2013; 31: 825-36.
[32]
Cortés-Rojas DF, Souza CRF, Oliveira WP. Optimization of spray drying conditions for production of Bidens pilosa L. dried extract. Chem Eng Res Des 2015; 93: 366-76.
[33]
Tan SP, Kha TC, Parks SE, Stathopoulos CE, Roach PD. Effects of the spray-drying temperatures on the physiochemical properties of an encapsulated bitter melon aqueous extract powder. Powder Technol 2015; 281: 65-75.
[34]
United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary. USP 30-NF 25. The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, 2007.
[35]
Şahin Nadeem H, Torun M, Özdemir F. Spray drying of the mountain tea Sideritis stricta) water extract by using different hydrocolloid carriers. LWT - Food Sci 2011; 44(7): 1626-35.
[36]
Şahin-Nadeem H, Dinçer C, Torun M, Topuz A, Özdemir F. Influence of inlet air temperature and carrier material on the production of instant soluble sage Salvia fruticosa Miller) by spray drying. LWT - Food Sci 2013; 52(1): 31-8.
[37]
Aulton ME. Farmacia La ciencia del diseño de las formas farmacéuticas Segunda Edición. España: Elsevier 2004.
[38]
Gallo L, Llabot JM, Allemandi D, Bucalá V, Piña J. Influence of spray-drying operating conditions on Rhamnus purshiana (Cáscara sagrada) extract powder physical properties. Powder Technol 2011; 208: 205-14.
[39]
Subtil SF, Rocha-Selmi GA, Thomazini M, Trindade MA, Netto FM, Favaro-Trindade CS. Effect of spray drying on the sensory and physical properties of hydrolysed casein using gum arabic as the carrier. J Food Sci Technol 2014; 51(1): 2014-21.
[40]
Sahin S, Sumnu SG. Rheological properties of foods. Phys Prop Foods 2006; pp. 39-105.
[41]
Castellano G, Tena J, Torrens F. Classification of phenolic compounds by chemical structural indicators and its relation to antioxidant properties of Posidonia oceanica (L.) delile. MATCH Commun Math Comput Chem 2012; 67: 231-50.
[42]
Chaul LT, Conceição EC, Bara MTF, Paula JR, Couto RO. Engineering spray-dried Rosemary extracts with improved physicomechanical properties: A design of experiments issue. Brazilian J Pharmacogn 2017; 27(2): 236-44.
[43]
Quek S, Chok N, Swedlund P. The physicochemical properties of spray-dried watermelon powders. Chem Eng Process 2007; 46: 386-92.
[44]
Alvarenga Botrel D, Vilela Borges S, Victória de Barros Fernandes R, Dantas Viana A, Maria Gomes da Costa J, Reginaldo Marques G. Evaluation of spray drying conditions on properties of microencapsulated oregano essential oil. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012; 47(11): 2289-96.
[45]
Tee LH, Luqman Chuah A, Pin KY, Abdull Rashih A, Yusof YA. Optimization of spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (Sirih) leaves extract coated with maltodextrin. J Chem Pharm Res 2012; 4(3): 1833-41.
[46]
Couto RO, Martins FS, Chaul LT, et al. Spray drying of Eugenia dysenterica extract: Effects of in-process parameters on product quality. Brazilian J Pharmacogn 2013; 23(1): 115-23.
[47]
Tonon RV, Baroni AF, Brabet C, Gibert O, Pallet D, Hubinger MD. Water sorption and glass transition temperature of spray dried açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) juice. J Food Eng 2009; 94(3-4): 215-21.
[48]
Nguyen VT, Pham QT. Effect of raw material and processing factors on the production of effervescent artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) tea tablets. Int J Food Eng 2011; 7(1): 1-15.
[49]
Silva Oliveira EM, Couto RO, Pinto MV, et al. Influence of spray-dryer operating variables on the quality of Vernonanthura ferruginea (Less. ) H. Rob. extracts with antiulcer potential. J Pharm Res 2011; 4(10): 3251-5.
[50]
Morales FJ, Jiménez-Pérez S. Free radical scavenging capacity of Maillard reaction products as related to colour and fluorescence. Food Chem 2001; 72: 119-25.
[51]
Souza CRF, Oliveira WP. Powder properties and system behavior during spray drying of Bauhinia forficata link extract. Dry Technol 2006; 24: 735-49.
[52]
Araruna SM, Silva AH, Canuto KM, Silveira ER, Leal LKAM. Influence of process conditions on the physicochemical characteristics of cumaru (Amburana cearensis) powder produced by spray drying. Brazilian J Pharmacogn 2013; 23(1): 132-7.
[53]
Baccarin T, Debrassi A, de Souza MM, Yunes RA, Malheiros Â, Silva RML. Influence of process conditions on physicochemical properties and antinociceptive activity in vivo of spray-dried Rapanea ferruginea Mez. stem bark extract. Powder Technol 2016; 291: 66-74.
[54]
Vasconcelos EAF, Medeiros MGF, Raffin FN, Moura TFAL. Influência da temperatura de secagem e da concentração de Aerosil® 200 nas características dos extratos secos por aspersão da Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae). Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy 2005; 15: 243-9.
[55]
Innovadex-The Search Engine for Product Innovators. Aerosil® Fumed Silicas-Make fine products with fine particles. Available from: www.innovadex.com.mx/Adhesives/Detail/1969/26742/AEROSIL-R-816 [cited: 10th Oct 2012].
[56]
Rowe RC, Sheskey PJ, Quinn ME. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. 6th ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press 2009.
[57]
Albertini B, Passerini N, González-Rodríguez ML, Perissutti B, Rodriguez L. Effect of Aerosil on the properties of lipid controlled release microparticles. J Control Release 2004; 100(2): 233-46.
[58]
Nurhadi B, Roos YH, Maidannyk V. Physical properties of maltodextrin DE 10: Water sorption, water plasticization and enthalpy relaxation. J Food Eng 2016; 174: 68-74.
[59]
Vidović SS, Vladić JZ, Vaštag ŽG, Zeković ZP, Popović LM. Maltodextrin as a carrier of health benefit compounds in Satureja montana dry powder extract obtained by spray drying technique. Powder Technol 2014; 258: 209-15.
[60]
Couto RO, Araújo RR, Tacon LA, et al. Development of a phytopharmaceutical intermediate product via spray drying. Dry Technol 2011; 29: 709-18.
[61]
Soares LAL, González Ortega G, Petrovick PR, Schmidt PC. Dry granulation and compression of spray-dried plant extracts. AAPS PharmSciTech 2005; 6: 359-66.
[62]
De Souza TP, Martínez-Pacheco R, Gómez-Amoza JL, Petrovick PR. Eudragit E as excipient for production of granules and tablets from Phyllanthus niruri L. spray-dried extract. AAPS PharmSciTech 2007; 8: E1-7.
[63]
Gallo L, Ramírez-Rigo MV, Wilson E, Piña J, Allemandi D, Bucalá V. Spray-Dried Cascara sagrada extract for direct compression: tablet formulation and a simple HPLC method for tablet performance evaluation. Int J Res Pharm Biomed Sci 2013; 4: 1360-70.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy