Title:Effect of CYP2D6 Poor Metabolizer Phenotype on Stereoselective Nebivolol Pharmacokinetics
VOLUME: 12 ISSUE: 1
Author(s):Carolina P. Vieira, Daniel V. Neves, Eduardo B. Coelho and Vera Lucia Lanchote*
Affiliation:Departamento de Analises Clinicas, Toxicologicas e Bromatologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Departamento de Analises Clinicas, Toxicologicas e Bromatologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Departamento de Clinica Medica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Departamento de Analises Clinicas, Toxicologicas e Bromatologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto
Keywords:Pharmacokinetics, isomers, nebivolol, phenotype, CYP2D6, healthy volunteers.
Abstract:Background: Nebivolol is a drug available as a racemate of d-nebivolol (SRRR) and lnebivolol
(RSSS). In human liver microsomes, CYP2D6 mainly catalyses the metabolism of lnebivolol,
while CYP2C19 catalyses the metabolism of d-nebivolol. Nebivolol stereoselective pharmacokinetics
has been described only for extensive metabolizers (EM).
Objective: To describe the stereoseletive nebivolol pharmacokinetics in CYP2D6 poor metabolizers
(PM) and to assess whether the phenotype has an impact on nebivolol pharmacokinetics.
Methods: Three healthy volunteers PM phenotyped (ratios of 20.1, 220 and 244 for the 8 h urinary excretion
of metoprolol/alfa-hydroxymetoprolol) received a single oral dose of racemic nebivolol and sequential
blood samples were collected between zero (predose) and 48 h.
Results: The obtained data were compared to 22 EM subjects with normal kidney function enrolled in
our previous study. For both isomers, Cmax, Tmax and AUC0-48 were significantly greater in the PM
group compared to the EMs (p = 0.006 – 0.001). For d-nebivolol, Cmax, Tmax and AUC0-48 were, on
average, 5.9, 2.7 and 15.0 larger in PMs. The corresponding values for l-nebivolol were 4.4, 2.7 and
17.5.
Conclusion: The decline in plasma concentration of both nebivolol isomers in PM phenotypes, especially
those with MR of 220 and 244, which indicate minimal or absent CYP2D6 activity, points to alternative
mechanisms for nebivolol elimination. Collectively, our results are the first to show the significant
impact of CYP2D6 PM phenotype on the metabolic disposition and in vivo exposure to both
nebivolol isomers.
