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Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1574-888X
ISSN (Online): 2212-3946

Review Article

Stem Cell Interventions for Bone Healing: Fractures and Osteoporosis

Author(s): Anita Sanghani-Kerai*, Dara McCreary, Henry Lancashire, Liza Osagie, Melanie Coathup and Gordon Blunn

Volume 13, Issue 5, 2018

Page: [369 - 377] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X13666180410160511

Price: $65

Abstract

With the ageing population, musculoskeletal conditions are becoming more inherent. Delayed union is defined as a slower than normal fracture healing response, with no healing after 4 to 6 months; however, the union is anticipated given sufficient time. In the context of delayed/non-union, fragility fractures in osteoporotic populations carry significant patient morbidity and socioeconomic costs. Multiple mechanisms hinder fracture healing in osteoporotic patients, imbalanced bone remodelling leads to impaired bone microarchitecture due to reduced osteoblast number and activity and as such, callus formation is diminished. Since stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into various tissue lineages, they are becoming very popular in tissue regeneration in musculoskeletal conditions. In this review, we discuss the role of stem cells in physiological fracture healing and their potential therapeutic use following a fracture. We explore the potential of stem cells, the release of chemokines and cytokines to reduce fracture risk in osteoporosis.

Keywords: Stem cells, fracture, osteoporosis, bone, healing, regeneration.


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