Title:Methacholin Provocation Test in COPD and Healthy Smokers
VOLUME: 13 ISSUE: 3
Author(s):Alfian Nur Rosyid* and Daniel Maranatha
Affiliation:Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga, Gubeng, Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60286, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Airlangga, Gubeng, Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60286
Keywords:Bronchial hyperresponsiveness, cigarettes, COPD, exacerbation, lungs, methacholine challenge test.
Abstract:Objective: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has become a global health
concern. The data indicate that only 20-25% of smokers develop COPD. The prevalence of bronchial
hyperresponsiveness (BHR) among smokers that develop into COPD is presumed higher than
smokers who do not develop COPD.
Methods: Samples from lung clinics in three government hospitals in Surabaya were examined. The
samples had to meet the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the research. The samples
were divided into two groups: COPD (group A and group B) and healthy smokers. Samples with
asthma, allergies, Asthma COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), tuberculosis, post-tuberculosis, Forced
Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) <50% predicted, FEV1 <1 liter, exacerbation ≥1 times that
need hospital admission in a previous year were excluded from the study. The values of Provocation
Concentration causing fall of 20% in FEV1 (PC20) with Methacholine Challenge Test on both groups
samples were evaluated, the average was assessed and differences were compared.
Results: There were 182 samples and only 23 samples were analyzed from each group; COPD and
healthy smokers. BHR in COPD group were 47.83%, higher than healthy smoker (16 vs. 7) with
significance PC20 average (3.77±3.74 vs. 10.20±3.73) mg.mL-1, p = 0.001. An analysis on BHR on
COPD group indicated that group B had more BHR compared to group A (73.3% vs. 62.5%) with an
average (3.55±2.96 vs. 4.26±5.49) mg.mL-1, but no statistically significant difference (p = 0.738).
Conclusion: There were samples with more BHR in COPD group compared to healthy smokers.
Smokers with BHR were at a risk of getting COPD.
