Anti-diabetic Activity of Rosmarinic Acid Rich Fractions from Orthosiphon stamineus

Title:Anti-diabetic Activity of Rosmarinic Acid Rich Fractions from Orthosiphon stamineus

Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Author(s): Yi L. Ngo and Lee S. Chua*

Affiliation:

• Metabolites Profiling Laboratory, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor,Malaysia

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, fractionation, Orthosiphon stamineus, rosmarinic acid, α-amylase, α-glucosidase.

Abstract: Background: There has been a great interest in the discovery of alternative medicines from medicinal herbs for type 2 diabetes, specifically screening for phytochemicals which are able to inhibit or delay glucose absorption.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibition of crude extract and rosmarinic acid rich fractions from Orthosiphon stamineus on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities.

Methods: The plant crude extract was prepared by a reflux method using 70 %v/v ethanol, followed by fractionation using column chromatography to obtain rosmarinc acid rich fractions.

Results: The crude extract and its rosmarinic acid rich fractions showed a dose dependent manner to inhibit the saccharide hydrolysing enzymes. Fr. A (100 % rosmarinic acid) was found to have comparable performance with standard rosmarinic acid as an inhibitor for both enzymes. Approximately, 62.50 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL of Fr. A were sufficient to achieve almost 100 % inhibition against α- amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Rosmarinic acid in Fr. A (IC50 0.34 mg/mL) was found to be 5 times more active than the anti-diabetic drug acarbose (IC50 1.66 mg/mL) in the inhibition of α- glucosidase. Fr. B with 50 % rosmarinic acid (IC50 1.48 mg/mL) had an inhibitory power comparable to that of acarbose. Kinetic studies revealed that Fr. A inhibited α-amylase competitively, but displayed non-competitive inhibition towards α-glucosidase. Rosmarinic acid had higher affinity towards α-glucosidase with lower Michaelis-Menten constant (Km), 1.42 mM.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that rosmarinic acid rich fractions of O. stamineus could be a potential drug to regulate and manage type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Cite this article as:

Ngo L. Yi and Chua S. Lee *, Anti-diabetic Activity of Rosmarinic Acid Rich Fractions from Orthosiphon stamineus, Current Enzyme Inhibition 2018; 14 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573408014666180101144331