Abstract
Background: Natural polysaccharides such as alginates, pectins, and chitins, possess a wide versatility in addition to the variability of the typical structural features of polysaccharides, as they include amino-, amido-, carboxylic acid, and esters groups.
Objective: These functional groups can be exploited to graft specific moieties and macromolecules, thus tailoring the specific characteristics when envisioning improved functionality, such as targeted-drug delivery, antimicrobial, and thermo- or pHresponsiveness. Ad hoc covalent modifications of the polysaccharidic backbone can promote the loading and interactions with a wide variety of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, as well as enhanced cell adhesion able to promote regeneration events. Additionally, enzymatic modifications have been conducted to have precise control of both functional groups and biodegradation.
Conclusion: This review intends to give an overview over chemical and enzymatic reactions to modify the backbone of polysaccharides aiming to exploit organic chemistry tools applied to meet the diverse needs of biomedicine.
Keywords: Alginate, pectin, chitosan, functionalization, peptide grafting, enzymatic reactions, polymer therapeutics, antibacterial.
Current Organic Chemistry
Title:Design of Multifunctional Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review
Volume: 22 Issue: 12
Author(s): Daniela P. Pacheco, Elena Marcello, Nora Bloise, Alessandro Sacchetti, Elisabetta Brenna, Livia Visai*Paola Petrini
Affiliation:
- Molecular Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B – 27100 Pavia,Italy
Keywords: Alginate, pectin, chitosan, functionalization, peptide grafting, enzymatic reactions, polymer therapeutics, antibacterial.
Abstract: Background: Natural polysaccharides such as alginates, pectins, and chitins, possess a wide versatility in addition to the variability of the typical structural features of polysaccharides, as they include amino-, amido-, carboxylic acid, and esters groups.
Objective: These functional groups can be exploited to graft specific moieties and macromolecules, thus tailoring the specific characteristics when envisioning improved functionality, such as targeted-drug delivery, antimicrobial, and thermo- or pHresponsiveness. Ad hoc covalent modifications of the polysaccharidic backbone can promote the loading and interactions with a wide variety of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, as well as enhanced cell adhesion able to promote regeneration events. Additionally, enzymatic modifications have been conducted to have precise control of both functional groups and biodegradation.
Conclusion: This review intends to give an overview over chemical and enzymatic reactions to modify the backbone of polysaccharides aiming to exploit organic chemistry tools applied to meet the diverse needs of biomedicine.
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Cite this article as:
Pacheco P. Daniela , Marcello Elena , Bloise Nora , Sacchetti Alessandro , Brenna Elisabetta , Visai Livia *, Petrini Paola , Design of Multifunctional Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review, Current Organic Chemistry 2018; 22 (12) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272822666171212153320
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272822666171212153320 |
Print ISSN 1385-2728 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5348 |
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