Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy, the predominant cancer treatment modality, suffers from elimination in renal and hepatic systems causing reduced bioavailability and increased toxicity leading to harmful side effects. Targeted release of formulations encapsulated in protective biocompatible polymer or polymer-lipid microbubbles can improve bioavailability and potency while reducing systemic toxicity, resulting in a higher therapeutic index.
Objective: Double emulsion, the most common method for microbubble fabrication suffers from low encapsulation efficiency and wide size distributions. In this concise article, we analyze the emergent coaxial electrospray technique vis-à-vis established double emulsion methods to manufacture biocompatible polymer microbubbles for targeted drug delivery systems.
Method: Specifically, we investigate size, morphology, and encapsulation efficiencies of microbubbles fabricated using double emulsion and coaxial electrospray techniques.
Results: We found that microbubbles produced via coaxial electrospray displayed higher encapsulation efficiency and a narrower size distribution.
Conclusion: Coaxial electrospray is a promising technology with considerably improved size distribution and encapsulation efficiency; however, reproducibility across facilities and scale remain challenging.
Keywords: Nanomedicine, drug delivery system, controlled release, microbubbles, electrohydrodynamic atomization, double emulsion.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Role of nanomaterials in fabrication of coatings, Machining and Joining
The application of nanoscience has brought about a revolution in the field of mechanical engineering by providing novel materials, boosting manufacturing processes, and generating cutting-edge products. The purpose of this special issue is to investigate the enormous impact that nanoscience has had on mechanical engineering, with a particular emphasis on ...read more
Advanced Inorganic Nanocomposites and Their Emerging Applications
This special issue collection will highlight developments on the recent trends about the synthesis of metal oxides, nanoclusters, biomaterials, 2D nanomaterials, nanocrystals, nanocomposites, etc. and their applications in electrochemical systems, tissue regeneration, energy storage and harvesting, sensors, etc. The novelty of the methods in the chemical synthesis and their characterizations, ...read more
Applicability of Nanotechnology for Performance Enhancement of Clean Energy Technologies
Population growth, industrialization, and improvement in living quality would lead to further increase in energy demand in near future. Regarding the disadvantages of fossil fuels such as fluctuations in their price, high emissions of greenhouse gases and restriction of their sources, it is crucial to use and exploit alternative energy ...read more
Graphene and 2D Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion
This thematic issue will discuss the recent advances in graphene-based nanomaterials for different energy technologies. Graphene possesses a high surface area, and stable structure and exhibits many interesting electronic, optical, and mechanical properties due to its 2D crystal structure. Graphene is of both fundamental interest and suitable for a wide ...read more
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