Iatrogenic Pathology of Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract

This chapter includes a synthesis of data regarding iatrogenic injuries of the gastrointestinal tract. In the first section, medical drug-induced lesions are analyzed, while the following sections refer to the diagnostic and/or therapeutic interventions that involve the gastrointestinal segments. ADRs come in a wide spectrum of manifestations, from mucosal inflammation to severe lesions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The most common agents involved in severe reactions are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are responsible for the occurrence of cystic polyposis of the stomach. Intestinal iatrogenic disorders primarily involve enterocolitis, but strange complications, such as bezoar formation or intestinal rupture, are also reported. Complications relating to endoscopic examinations, laparotomy and laparoscopy are also presented in detail.

Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, Aspiration, Bezoar, Cystic polyposis, Endoscopy, Enterocolitis, Gingival hyperplasia, Hemorrhage, Laparoscopy, Laparotomy, Malabsorption, Polyp, Proton pump inhibitors, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Teeth discoloration.