Title:Antioxidant, Antigenotoxic and Cytotoxic Activity of Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq. Bark Fractions and their Phytochemical Analysis using UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS
VOLUME: 20 ISSUE: 9
Author(s):Madhu Chandel, Manish Kumar, Upendra Sharma, Bikram Singh and Satwinderjeet Kaur*
Affiliation:Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143 005, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143 005, Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur HP-176 061, Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur HP-176 061, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143 005
Keywords:Anthocephalus cadamba, oxidative stress, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide, aflatoxin B1, COLO 205, cytotoxicity.
Abstract:Background: Anthocephalus cadamba is used in traditional and folklore medicinal
system.
Objectives: In order to validate its traditional medicinal claim, the present study was designed to
assess antioxidant, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activity of fractions from Anthocephalus cadamba
bark and to identify their active phytoconstituents.
Methods: The four fractions viz. hexane (HACB), chloroform (CACB), ethylacetate (EACB) and nbutanol
(NACB) were fractionated from the crude methanol extract from bark of A. cadamba. All
fractions were evaluated for antiradical efficacy using various in vitro antioxidant assays and for
antigenotoxicity by SOS chromotest using E. coli PQ37 tester strain. Cytotoxic potential was
checked using MTT assay.
Results: Among the four fractions, EACB and NACB exhibited promising radical quenching
potential in DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical scavenging and pBR322 plasmid DNA nicking
assays. All the fractions were evaluated for genotoxic and antigenotoxic activity in SOS chromotest
using E. coli PQ37 tester strain. Results revealed that fractions were non-genotoxic and have
potential to suppress the genotoxicity induced by 4NQO (4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide) and AFB1
(aflatoxin B1). NACB was found to inhibit the growth of colon (COLO 205) cancer cells with GI50
of 54.36 µg/ml. To identify bioactive principles in the active fractions, NACB and EACB were
subjected to UPLC-electrospray-ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry which
revealed the presence of 3β-isodihyrocadambine-oxide, cadambine, phelasin A/B, 3β-
dihydrocadambine and 3'-O-caffeoylsweroside like compounds.
Conclusions: Overall results revealed that A. cadamba is a rich source of antioxidant, antigenotoxic
and cytotoxic constituents which may find their significance in various food and pharmaceutical
products.
