Title:Targeting Cell Cycle to Suppress Cancer Aggressiveness
VOLUME: 12 ISSUE: 2
Author(s):Jayalaxmi Shetty, Iekhsan Othman, Anuar Zaini and Ezharul Hoque Chowdhury*
Affiliation:Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway
Keywords:Cancer, drug targets, cell cycle, metabolic reprogramming, oxidative stress, immunomodulatory microRNAs, extraribosomal
functions, CDK, cyclins, genomic instability, check points, p53, therapeutics.
Abstract:Background: Failure of cell division control due to mutations leading to inactivation or
over activation of regulatory proteins is the leading cause of cancer development. Several mitogens
and growth factors have been found to regulate cancer cell cycle progression. However, all signalling
pathways converge to the cell cycle machinery and thus disruption of cell cycle control offers
an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer.
Method: We undertook a comprehensive search of bibliographic databases through PubMed and
selected the most relevant and appropriate peer-reviewed research articles.
Results: There has been a breakthrough in identification of the cell cycle regulatory molecules and
elucidation of their roles in subtle adjustment of the balance between proliferation and apoptosis of
cancer cells. This review will shed light on the current understanding of the regulation of the cell
cycle pathway links and the feasibility of targeting cell cycle for fighting metastatic cancer.
Conclusion: There are cross-talks among the diverse neoplastic cell types acting together on cell
cycle to ensure survival, growth and metastasis, by inhibiting apoptosis, promoting angiogenesis,
and avoiding immune system. Approaches should be undertaken to synergistically block the activation
of the interconnected pathways for effective cancer therapy.
