Title:Anti-cancer Effect of Cyanidin-3-glucoside from Mulberry via Caspase-3 Cleavage and DNA Fragmentation in vitro and in vivo
VOLUME: 17 ISSUE: 11
Author(s):Eugene Cho, Eun Y. Chung, Hye-Yeon Jang, On-Yu Hong, Hee S. Chae, Young-Ju Jeong, Sun-Young Kim, Byeong-Soo Kim, Dong J. Yoo, Jong-Suk Kim* and Kwang-Hyun Park*
Affiliation:Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54914, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine,Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54914, Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54914, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54896, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54896, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54896, Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Konju National University, Yesan, 32439, Department of Life Science and Graduate School of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54914, Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Development, Nambu University, Gwangju, 62271
Keywords:Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Morus alba L., mulberry, anti-cancer, caspase-3, DNA fragmentation, nude mice.
Abstract:Background: Fruits of Morus alba L. (mulberry) have various bioactive compounds such as polyphenols
and anthocyanins and used as a herbal medicine. However, the anti-cancer effects and molecular basis
have not been elucidated.
Methods: We isolated the cyanidin-3-glucoside in various cultivar of mulberry by acidified-methanol extraction
methods. This molecule were compared mass spectroscopic properties by LC-MS/MS and analyzed by 1H and
13C NMR. We examined the anti-cancer effect with molecular mechanisms of the cyanidin-3-glucoside on
MDA-MB-453 human breast cancer cells and xenograft animal model.
Results: The treatment with the mulberry cyanidin-3-glucoside decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent
manner with alteration of apoptotic protein contents, and DNA fragmentation, suggesting that cells undergo
apoptosis. Supporting the observations, Treatment with the cyanidin-3-glucoside showed active apoptosis by
caspase-3 cleavage and DNA fragmentation through Bcl-2 and Bax pathway. Indeed, cyanidin-3-glucoside
inhibits tumor growth in MDA-MB-453 cells-inoculated nude mice. Tumor growth of xenograft nude mouse
was significantly reduced compared to the control group by the cyanidin-3-glucoside.
Conclusion: The data demonstrate that cyanidin-3-glucoside isolated from mulberry induced apoptosis in breast
cancer (MDA-MB-453) cells, and therefore, has a potential as an anti-cancer agent. These results show that
mulberry cyanidin-3-glucoside inhibit the proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo model and, indicating the
inhibition of tumor progression.
