Virulence Factors and Immune Evasion in Leishmania spp.

Frontiers in Parasitology

Volume: 1

Molecular and Cellular Biology of Pathogenic Trypanosomatids

DOI: 10.2174/9781681084053117010010
eISBN: 978-1-68108-405-3, 2017
ISBN: 978-1-68108-406-0
ISSN: 2452-4211 (Print)
ISSN: 2542-422X (Online)

Indexed in: EBSCO.

Frontiers in Parasitology is an Ebook series devoted to publishing the latest and the most important advances in parasitology. Eminent scientists present reviews on the microbiology, cytology, ...

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Virulence Factors and Immune Evasion in Leishmania spp.

Pp. 291-345 (55)

Jose M. Requena and Manuel Soto

Abstract

Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania cause a group of diseases, known as leishmaniasis, affecting humans and also household pets, mainly canids. In the human host, different pathological outcomes ranging from self-healing cutaneous lesions to systemic visceral leishmaniasis are produced by these parasites; these diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Similar to a virus, bacteria and other parasites, Leishmania need to evade immune destruction with the aim of completing their life cycle in their mammalian hosts. Moreover, the long co-evolutionary history between parasites of the genus Leishmania and their hosts for several millions of years has led to a balanced relationship. To avoid the powerful immune system of mammals, the parasite has developed a set of sophisticated mechanisms to persist, replicate, and spread.

Keywords:

Complement system, Exosomes, Glycosylinositolphospholipids (GIPLs), IFN-γ, Immune response, Lipophosphoglycan (LPG), Macrophage, Neutrophil, Phagolysosome, Virulence factor.

Affiliation:

Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.