Title:Barbituric Acids in Organic Transformations, An Outlook to the Reaction Media
VOLUME: 14 ISSUE: 2
Author(s):Kobra Nikoofar* and Zahra Khademi
Affiliation:Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran
Keywords:Barbituric acid, aqueous media, thiobarbituric acid, organic synthesis, reaction media, heteroaromatic compounds.
Abstract:Barbituric acid (pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione) as odourless white crystals has been
prepared in 1864. Due to the acidity of the CH2 group, the pyrimidine ring of barbituric acid could be
stabilized via the resonance delocalization, which led it to show potential donor-acceptor properties of
the heteroatoms in the molecule. Barbituric acid and its derivatives are versatile moieties in many compounds
which possess interesting utility in biology, industry, and drugs. They have been utilized as
sedative hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and anaesthetics. Multicomponent reactions play key role in organic
and medicinal chemistry. In these types of reactions barbituric acid possess particular position, as a
versatile heterocycle, due to its interesting chemical and potent-biological properties. in this report we
focused on barbituric acid transformations. The review subdivided with centralization on the solvent
presentation. Synthesis of different forms of these scaffolds, by a glance to the reaction media (solventfree
conditions, aqueous medium, and organic solvents), have been demonstrated. Solvent-free technique
is an environmentally-friendly process in the absence of volatile toxic solvents, which makes it
straightly forward to green chemistry. Water as eco-friendly another reaction media with an unusual accelerating
effect, which was represented as a systematic phenomenon, could be utilized as a solvent in
organic reactions because of its cheapness, safety, and most non toxicity. The review describes the preparation
of various heteroaromatic compounds containing barbiturates, which covering the literature relevant
up to 2015.
