Abstract
The human body expresses over 100 host defense peptides and proteins (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs). The compounds are produced by tissues and mucosal surfaces, e.g. skin, the digestive and urinary tract, the ocular surface and neutrophils, and are believed to play a crucial role in defense from microbial infection. They are considered to protect the human body against microbial infections due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. As well as having strong antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of microorganisms, AMPs have been found to interact with neutrophils, monocytes and T-cells and promote the production of cytokines. They also neutralize the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and play a crucial role in wound healing processes.
In response to the microbial stimuli the AMPs are released in order to fight the infection, however there are several microorganisms evading the human immune system by downregulation of AMPs. Decreased or elevated expression of AMPs is associated also with several non-infectious diseases. Despite numerous studies conducted in the field of AMPs over the last few decades, their exact role in physiological and pathological processes remains to be explained. In this paper, we review the most significant human AMPs and their potential roles in maintaining human homeostasis as well as in pathological processes.Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidin, defensins, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontitis, arthritis, atherosclerosis.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Human Host Defense Peptides - Role in Maintaining Human Homeostasis and Pathological Processes
Volume: 24 Issue: 7
Author(s): Malgorzata Anna Dawgul*, Katarzyna E. Greber, Wieslaw Sawicki and Wojciech Kamysz
Affiliation:
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk,Poland
Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidin, defensins, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontitis, arthritis, atherosclerosis.
Abstract: The human body expresses over 100 host defense peptides and proteins (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs). The compounds are produced by tissues and mucosal surfaces, e.g. skin, the digestive and urinary tract, the ocular surface and neutrophils, and are believed to play a crucial role in defense from microbial infection. They are considered to protect the human body against microbial infections due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. As well as having strong antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of microorganisms, AMPs have been found to interact with neutrophils, monocytes and T-cells and promote the production of cytokines. They also neutralize the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and play a crucial role in wound healing processes.
In response to the microbial stimuli the AMPs are released in order to fight the infection, however there are several microorganisms evading the human immune system by downregulation of AMPs. Decreased or elevated expression of AMPs is associated also with several non-infectious diseases. Despite numerous studies conducted in the field of AMPs over the last few decades, their exact role in physiological and pathological processes remains to be explained. In this paper, we review the most significant human AMPs and their potential roles in maintaining human homeostasis as well as in pathological processes.Export Options
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Cite this article as:
Dawgul Anna Malgorzata*, Greber E. Katarzyna, Sawicki Wieslaw and Kamysz Wojciech, Human Host Defense Peptides - Role in Maintaining Human Homeostasis and Pathological Processes, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213100443
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213100443 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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