Title:Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway as a Potential Targets for Stroke-Induced Inflammation
VOLUME: 12 ISSUE: 1
Author(s):Jing Sun and Guangxian Nan*
Affiliation:Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130000, Jilin, Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130000, Jilin
Keywords:TLR4 signaling pathway, NF-kB, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage,
inflammation.
Abstract:Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) belongs to a large family of pattern recognition receptors that
play a key role in innate immunity and inflammatory response. Increasing evidence has shown that
TLR4 signaling pathway plays an essential role in mediating the immune response and central
nervous system (CNS) repair and development. Brain inflammation and innate immunity has been
implicated as a secondary injury mechanism following stroke, exacerbating neural damage to impede
recovery. After stroke, a series of signaling pathways are triggered by dying cells or other factors in
both the local innate immune cells in brain and other immune cells from bloodstream, contributing to
the brain inflammatory response. In this review, we discuss the TLR4 signaling in association with
recent findings concerning the involvement of TLR4 signaling pathway in stroke-induced
inflammation and brain injury, and then study the key mechanisms associated with TLR4 signaling
pathway in the above processes, suggesting the potential for therapeutic intervention by targeting
TLR4 signaling pathway.
