Title:Separation of Metal–Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride Complexes Using Zwitterionic Ion Chromatography (ZIC) Coupled Online with ICP-AES
VOLUME: 13 ISSUE: 4
Author(s):Andreas Seubert and Ashraf Saad Rasheed*
Affiliation:Faculty of Chemistry, Philipps-Universitaet Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35043 Marburg, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad
Keywords:Trifluoperazine, ion exchange, zwitterionicstationary phase, palladium (II), platinum (IV), vanadium (V).
Abstract:Background: Despite the numerous studies about ZIC and ZIC-HILIC retention modes, the
mechanism has not been fully investigated and there are no detailed mechanistic concepts in the literature.
Some of the pharmaceutical compounds can act as a strong chelator for multiple charged metal
ions of biological importance. Trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TFPH) is a strong chelator for multiple
charged metal ions of biological importance (Pd2+, Pt4+, V5+) and other metals. It will be interesting to
see if the metal–complexes are also separated using the zwitterionic stationary phase.
Methods and Result: The study of the influence of pH and eluent concentration of metal-TFPH complexes
selectivity should give a clue about the properties of the individual zwitterionic stationary phases
and thus about the separation mechanism. The retention factors of Pt(IV)-TFPH, Pd(II)-TFPH and
V(V)-TFPH complexes decreased with an increasing buffer concentration. The ZIC5 stationary phase as
well as the examined commercial stationary phases ZIC-HILIC and ZIC-pHILIC exhibit the same behavior.
The retention of the TFPH-Pt(IV), TFPH-Pd(II) and TFPH-V(V) complexes with their positive
charge decreased on ZIC5, ZIC-HILIC and ZIC-pHILIC columns when the pH increased in the range
between 3 to 6. The results of variations of buffer concentration and mobile phase pH show that metal-
TFPH complexes can be separated based cation-exchange interactions and electrostatic interaction between
the stationary phase and analyte.
Conclusion: The current study confirmed the ability of ZIC-HILIC stationary phases to separate metalcomplexes.
It could be demonstrated that metal-TFPH separations on zwitterionic stationary phase are
mainly driven by a cation exchange mechanism.
