Title:Recent Trends of Biocompatible and Biodegradable Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: A Review
VOLUME: 23 ISSUE: 32
Author(s):D. Sathish Sundar, M. Gover Antoniraj, C. Senthil Kumar, Shyam S. Mohapatra, N. N. Houreld and K. Ruckmani
Affiliation:Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Anna University BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamilnadu, India.
Keywords:Biocompatibility, Nanoparticles, Drug delivery, Hemolysis, Zebrafish, Biodegradability.
Abstract:A vast amount of research on nanoparticles has been conducted in recent years
with versatile applications in the field of drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles are designed
as a carrier molecule to deliver drugs in a sustained and stimuli response manner. Recent
advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of long circulating nanoparticles
with high encapsulation efficiency. This article focuses on the properties such as biocompatibility
and biodegradability, which are considered as essential criteria for nanoparticles
to be successfully used as a carrier molecule in drug delivery systems. Physicochemical
characterization of the nanoparticles such as size and size distribution, surface morphology,
zeta potential and surface chemistry has a significant role in the successful formulation
and applications in drug delivery systems. Mostly, the size and surface characteristics
of nanoparticles enable enhanced intracellular accumulation in tumor cells through passive
targeting mechanisms and rapid development of nanoengineering, and aid towards attaining
active targeting delivery by co-functionalization of nanoparticles using appropriate targeting
ligands. This article reviews the recent progress and development of employing different
biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles in drug delivery systems. It also
briefly recaps the important methods available to evaluate its biocompatibility, the mechanism
of biodegradability and clearance properties of NPs.
