Abstract
Stroke is the most common neurological cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, afflicting 15 million people every year. The numbers are expected to increase, mostly due to aging populations. One in five stroke patients dies, and one in three are left with permanent disabilities.
Although some acute phase therapies such as intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) andendovascular treatment have been shown to improve ischemic stroke outcome, these therapies are available only for a small proportion of patients.
The use of stem cells to replace brain cells lost during stroke is a long-term goal, and one which is difficult to achieve given that transplanted cells must integrate and restore neural pathways to regain function of damaged parts of the brain. Over the past decade the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as therapy has emerged as a particularly attractive option.
MSCs are a class of multipotent, self-renewing cells that give rise to differentiated progeny when implanted into appropriate tissues. Herein, we present a review of the application of MSCs in ischemic stroke, including the source of MSCs, the route and timing of their delivery into the brain and the endpoints measured. Experimental data of transplantation of MSCs in animal stroke models suggest an improved functional recovery. The transplantation of MSCs influences a wide range of events by modulating the inflammatory environment, stimulating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis and reducing the formation of glial scar, although the precise, underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. The results from early clinical trials highlight the need to optimize variables such as cell selection and route of administration in order to translate these results into safe and successful clinical applications.
Keywords: Ischemic stroke, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells, cell therapy.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Possibilities
Volume: 23 Issue: 16
Author(s): Anna Lucia Maria Ferri, Anna Bersano, Daniela Lisini, Giorgio Boncoraglio, Simona Frigerio and Eugenio Parati
Affiliation:
Keywords: Ischemic stroke, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells, cell therapy.
Abstract: Stroke is the most common neurological cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, afflicting 15 million people every year. The numbers are expected to increase, mostly due to aging populations. One in five stroke patients dies, and one in three are left with permanent disabilities.
Although some acute phase therapies such as intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) andendovascular treatment have been shown to improve ischemic stroke outcome, these therapies are available only for a small proportion of patients.
The use of stem cells to replace brain cells lost during stroke is a long-term goal, and one which is difficult to achieve given that transplanted cells must integrate and restore neural pathways to regain function of damaged parts of the brain. Over the past decade the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as therapy has emerged as a particularly attractive option.
MSCs are a class of multipotent, self-renewing cells that give rise to differentiated progeny when implanted into appropriate tissues. Herein, we present a review of the application of MSCs in ischemic stroke, including the source of MSCs, the route and timing of their delivery into the brain and the endpoints measured. Experimental data of transplantation of MSCs in animal stroke models suggest an improved functional recovery. The transplantation of MSCs influences a wide range of events by modulating the inflammatory environment, stimulating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis and reducing the formation of glial scar, although the precise, underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. The results from early clinical trials highlight the need to optimize variables such as cell selection and route of administration in order to translate these results into safe and successful clinical applications.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Maria Ferri Lucia Anna, Bersano Anna, Lisini Daniela, Boncoraglio Giorgio, Frigerio Simona and Parati Eugenio, Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Possibilities, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 23 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160222113702
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160222113702 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Oxidative Stress and Drugs of Abuse: An Update
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Editorial (Thematic Issue: Renal Endothelial Dysfunction: Evolving Concepts And Perspectives)
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets The Multifunctional Protein C System
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents The Use of Erythropoietin and its Derivatives to Treat Spinal Cord Injury
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry CCR1 and CCR2 Antagonists
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry An Optimal Combination of Chemically Pure Compounds from <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> for Inhibiting Cell Proliferation
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Gene Therapy in Liver Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inhibition Enhances Liver Tolerance to Ischemia/Reperfusion
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Role for Endothelin-1 in Peripheral Vascular Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Acute Cellular Oxygen Sensing in the Heart - A Role for Mitochondria?
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Gut-liver Axis and Microbiota in NAFLD: Insight Pathophysiology for Novel Therapeutic Target
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endocannabinoid System: A Multi-Facet Therapeutic Target
Current Clinical Pharmacology Cellular Membranes and Lipid-Binding Domains as Attractive Targets for Drug Development
Current Drug Targets Natural Polyphenols and Cardioprotection
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Human Use of Leucoselect® Phytosome® with Special Reference to Inflammatory- Allergic Pathologies in Frail Elderly Patients
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immunotherapy in Invasive Fungal Infection - Focus on Invasive Aspergillosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design An Old Drug with a New Purpose: Cardiovascular Actions of Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease and Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Inflammatory Cells: The Actin Cytoskeleton as a Target
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry IPR and Technological Issues Regarding a Biopharmaceutical Formulation -Hemoglobin
Recent Patents on Biotechnology Scientific Basis for the Use of Indian Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders: 1. Ashwagandha
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry