Title:Fluid Retention and Rostral Fluid Shift in Sleep-Disordered Breathing
VOLUME: 12 ISSUE: 1
Author(s):Takatoshi Kasai
Affiliation:Cardiovascular Respiratory Sleep Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
Keywords:Central sleep apnea, drug resistant hypertension, end-stage renal disease, heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea.
Abstract:Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common and adversely affects cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality. Despite multifactorial pathogenesis, SDB is prevalent in patients with fluid
retention disorders, such as drug-resistant hypertension, end-stage renal disease, and heart failure,
suggesting that fluid retention may play a role in the pathogenesis of SDB. During the day, fluid is
likely to accumulate in the legs, and upon lying down at night is displaced from the legs. Many data
suggest that some of this fluid displaced from the legs may redistribute to the upper body and
predispose to SDB. This review article will highlight evidence for a relationship between SDB and
fluid retention or rostral fluid shift, and discuss mechanisms that link them.
