Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a unique challenge for drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The BBB consists of a continuous layer of specialized endothelial cells linked together by tight junctions, pericytes, nonfenestrated basal lamina, and astrocytic foot processes. This complex barrier controls and limits the systemic delivery of therapeutics to the CNS. Several innovative strategies have been explored to enhance the transport of therapeutics across the BBB, each with individual advantages and disadvantages. Ongoing advances in delivery approaches that overcome the BBB are enabling more effective therapies for CNS diseases. In this review, we discuss: (1) the physiological properties of the BBB, (2) conventional strategies to enhance paracellular and transcellular transport through the BBB, (3) emerging concepts to overcome the BBB, and (4) alternative CNS drug delivery strategies that bypass the BBB entirely. Based on these exciting advances, we anticipate that in the near future, drug delivery research efforts will lead to more effective therapeutic interventions for diseases of the CNS.
Keywords: Central Nervous System (CNS), Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), nanotechnology, ultrasound, immunotherapy.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Evolving Drug Delivery Strategies to Overcome the Blood Brain Barrier
Volume: 22 Issue: 9
Author(s): David S. Hersh, Aniket S. Wadajkar, Nathan B. Roberts, Jimena G. Perez, Nina P. Connolly, Victor Frenkel, Jeffrey A. Winkles, Graeme F. Woodworth and Anthony J. Kim
Affiliation:
Keywords: Central Nervous System (CNS), Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), nanotechnology, ultrasound, immunotherapy.
Abstract: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a unique challenge for drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The BBB consists of a continuous layer of specialized endothelial cells linked together by tight junctions, pericytes, nonfenestrated basal lamina, and astrocytic foot processes. This complex barrier controls and limits the systemic delivery of therapeutics to the CNS. Several innovative strategies have been explored to enhance the transport of therapeutics across the BBB, each with individual advantages and disadvantages. Ongoing advances in delivery approaches that overcome the BBB are enabling more effective therapies for CNS diseases. In this review, we discuss: (1) the physiological properties of the BBB, (2) conventional strategies to enhance paracellular and transcellular transport through the BBB, (3) emerging concepts to overcome the BBB, and (4) alternative CNS drug delivery strategies that bypass the BBB entirely. Based on these exciting advances, we anticipate that in the near future, drug delivery research efforts will lead to more effective therapeutic interventions for diseases of the CNS.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Hersh S. David, Wadajkar S. Aniket, Roberts B. Nathan, Perez G. Jimena, Connolly P. Nina, Frenkel Victor, Winkles A. Jeffrey, Woodworth F. Graeme and Kim J. Anthony, Evolving Drug Delivery Strategies to Overcome the Blood Brain Barrier, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666151221150733
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666151221150733 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Nimodipine Reappraised: An Old Drug With a Future
Current Neuropharmacology Kawasaki Disease and Its Treatment – An Update
Current Rheumatology Reviews Biologic Therapies in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Hyperglycemia-Related Pathophysiologic Mechanisms and Potential Beneficial Actions of Melatonin
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage, A Potentially Life-Threatening Manifestation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Therapeutic Angiogenesis: Recent and Future Prospects of Gene Therapy in Peripheral Artery Disease
Current Gene Therapy Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Antirheumatic Drugs: Implications for Clinical Practice and Research
Current Pharmaceutical Design Mechanisms of Corticosteroid Resistance in Severe Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Molecular and Cellular Pathways as Treatment Targets for Biologic Therapies in Systemic Sclerosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry Substance P at the Neuro-Immune Crosstalk in the Modulation of Inflammation, Asthma and Antimicrobial Host Defense
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Haptoglobin Phenotype Correlates with the Extent of Cerebral Deep White Matter Lesions in Hypertensive Patients
Current Neurovascular Research Virus-Associated Vasculitides: An Update
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) HCV-Related Transformation and New Therapeutic Strategies: An Update
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Torsades de Pointes in Patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Method of Inhibition of Activity of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha In Patients with Psoriasis
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery The Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis
Current Clinical Pharmacology Preface
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Role of Platelets in Angiogenesis in Health and Disease
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Review of Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Resveratrol: A Therapeutic Promise for Cardiovascular Diseases
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery