Title:The Double Roles of the Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> EP2 Receptor in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
VOLUME: 18 ISSUE: 12
Author(s):Xu Luo, Qiquan Zhu, Jie Zhang, Qin Huang, Zongyi Xie* and Yuan Cheng
Affiliation:Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 76th Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010
Keywords:Intracerebral hemorrhage, prostaglandin E2, EP2 receptor, ICH-induced brain injury.
Abstract:Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a subtype of stroke, brings high morbidity
and mortality to human beings. Multiple studies indicated that neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity,
oxidative stress, cytotoxicity resulted from the degradation products of blood clot play vital roles in
ICH-induced secondary brain injury, which contributes to deterioration of neurological outcome.
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a type of prostanoids commonly up-regulated in these progresses, is proved
to modulate numerous cellular and molecular processes by activating EP2 receptor after ICH.
Objective: This review aim to discuss the PGE2 biosynthesis, downstream signaling pathway of EP
2
receptor and the roles of EP
2 receptor in ICH-induced brain damage, targeting to provide a potential
effective therapeutic strategy.
Methods: A large number of literatures on EP
2receptors and intracerebral hemorrhage were searched
in PubMed, Medline, and Ebase.
Results: Previous studies showed that EP
2 receptor mediated double effects in ICH
via activation of
different signaling pathway. EP2 receptor could induce neuroprotection, spatial learning, and neuroplasticity
via cAMP-PKA signaling pathway, while strengthen inflammation mainly through the
cAMP-Epac pathway. In addition, the concentration level of cAMP might be the key factor that decides
which downstream signaling pathway would be activated.
Conclusion: In different phase of cerebral hemorrhage, EP2 receptor plays diverse effects in brain
damage through different downstream signaling pathways.
