Abstract
Detection of biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) within brain tissues of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients has always been hampered by our inability to access and biopsy tissue of key brain regions implicated in disease occurrence and progression. Currently, diagnosis of NDDs is principally based on clinical observations of symptoms that present at later stages of disease progression, followed by neuroimaging and, possibly, CSF evaluation. One way to potentially detect and diagnose NDDs at a far earlier stage is to screen for abnormal levels of specific disease markers within the peripheral circulation of patients with NDDs. Increasing evidence suggests that there is dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in NDDs. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as well as biofluids, such as plasma, serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid, contain miRNAs that can be identified and quantified. Circulating miRNAs within blood and other biofluids may thus be characterized and used as non-invasive, diagnostic biomarkers that facilitate the early detection of disease and potentially the continual monitoring of disease progression for NDDs such as AD and PD. Plainly, such a screen is only possible with a clear understanding of which miRNAs change with disease, and when these changes occur during the progression of AD and PD. Such information is becoming increasingly available and, in the near future, may not only support disease diagnosis, but provide the opportunity to evaluate therapeutic interventions earlier in the disease process.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, β-amyloid, α-synuclein, biofluids, diagnostic biomarkers, miRNAs, Parkinson’s disease.
Medicinal Chemistry
Title:miRNAs as Circulating Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease
Volume: 12 Issue: 3
Author(s): Gohar Mushtaq, Nigel H. Greig, Firoz Anwar, Mazin A. Zamzami, Hani Choudhry, Munvar M. Shaik, Ian A. Tamargo and Mohammad A. Kamal
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, β-amyloid, α-synuclein, biofluids, diagnostic biomarkers, miRNAs, Parkinson’s disease.
Abstract: Detection of biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) within brain tissues of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients has always been hampered by our inability to access and biopsy tissue of key brain regions implicated in disease occurrence and progression. Currently, diagnosis of NDDs is principally based on clinical observations of symptoms that present at later stages of disease progression, followed by neuroimaging and, possibly, CSF evaluation. One way to potentially detect and diagnose NDDs at a far earlier stage is to screen for abnormal levels of specific disease markers within the peripheral circulation of patients with NDDs. Increasing evidence suggests that there is dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in NDDs. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as well as biofluids, such as plasma, serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid, contain miRNAs that can be identified and quantified. Circulating miRNAs within blood and other biofluids may thus be characterized and used as non-invasive, diagnostic biomarkers that facilitate the early detection of disease and potentially the continual monitoring of disease progression for NDDs such as AD and PD. Plainly, such a screen is only possible with a clear understanding of which miRNAs change with disease, and when these changes occur during the progression of AD and PD. Such information is becoming increasingly available and, in the near future, may not only support disease diagnosis, but provide the opportunity to evaluate therapeutic interventions earlier in the disease process.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Mushtaq Gohar, Greig H. Nigel, Anwar Firoz, Zamzami A. Mazin, Choudhry Hani, Shaik M. Munvar, Tamargo A. Ian and Kamal A. Mohammad, miRNAs as Circulating Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease, Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 12 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573406411666151030112140
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573406411666151030112140 |
Print ISSN 1573-4064 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6638 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Carbohydrates in Computational and Medicinal Chemistry
Carbohydrates are the most essential organic molecules and are involved in the maintenance of various physiological and metabolic processes in living organisms. Carbohydrate-based compounds have come to the attention of researchers because of their significant contributions to biological functions, such as cell development and cell proliferation, connections between several cells, ...read more
Recent Advances in the Medicinal Chemistry of Cancer
Scope of the Thematic Issue: Correlation between structure and function is one of the important aspects of the success of anti-cancer compounds associated with their structure-activity interactions, physiology, biochemical, molecular, and genetic processes. Overcoming these obstacles is key to obtaining further insights into developments in rational drug design, bioorganic chemistry, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
In vitro Anti-glycation and Anti-oxidant Properties of Synthesized Schiff Bases
Medicinal Chemistry Combination of Fenofibrate with Non-Statin Drug Regimens
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Adipose Tissue as a Source of Vasoactive Factors
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents The GNAS Locus: Quintessential Complex Gene Encoding Gsα, XLαs, and other Imprinted Transcripts
Current Genomics Targeted Anti-leukemic Therapy as Disease-stabilizing Treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Relapse after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Will it be Possible to Combine these Strategies with Retransplantation or Donor Lymphocyte Infusions?
Current Cancer Drug Targets Current Advances in the Biological Activity of Polysaccharides in Dendrobium with Intriguing Therapeutic Potential
Current Medicinal Chemistry Erectile Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanistic Considerations from Studies in Experimental Models
Current Diabetes Reviews Germline Genetics of the p53 Pathway Affect Longevity in a Gender Specific Manner
Current Aging Science Nutriproteomics – Linking Proteomics Variation with Personalized Nutrition
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Computational Insights into the Role of Glutathione in Oxidative Stress
Current Neurovascular Research Assessment of the Health Effects of Chemicals in Humans: II. Construction of an Adverse Effects Database for QSAR Modeling
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Editorial [Hot Topic: Adrenergic Receptors as Novel Targets for Cancer Therapy (Guest Editors: D.G. Powe and F. Entschladen)]
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews New Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis, Antioxidant Activity and Computational Insights of Nano-Antioxidant as Ascorbate Peroxidase Inhibitor by Various Cyclodextrins as Drug Delivery Systems
Current Drug Delivery Vitamin-D Receptor (VDR) Gene Polymorphisms (TaqI, FokI) in Turkish Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: Relationship to the Levels of Vit-D and Cytokines
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Dietary Acid Load Associated with Hypertension and Diabetes in the Elderly
Current Aging Science Biomedical Consequences of Alcohol Use Disorders in the HIV-Infected Host
Current HIV Research MicroRNA-16-5p Aggravates Myocardial Infarction Injury by Targeting the Expression of Insulin Receptor Substrates 1 and Mediating Myocardial Apoptosis and Angiogenesis
Current Neurovascular Research Use of High-intensity Focused Ultrasound in the Management of Extra-abdominal Desmoid Tumors
Current Medical Imaging An Evolutionary Approach for Structure-based Design of Natural and Non-natural Peptidic Ligands
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Extraction, Structure and Bioactivities of the Polysaccharides from Fructus corni
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture