Abstract
Pediatric tuberculosis is an underappreciated global epidemic estimated to afflict around half a million children worldwide. This problem has historically been overlooked, due in part to their low social status and the difficulty in diagnosis of tuberculosis in children. Children are more susceptible to tuberculosis infection and disease progression, including rapid dissemination into extrapulmonary infection sites. Treatment of pediatric tuberculosis infections has been traditionally built around agents used to treat the adult disease, but the disease pathology, drug pharmacokinetics and the safety window in children differs from the adult disease. This produces additional concerns for drug discovery and development of new agents. This review examines: (i) the safety concerns for current front and second line agents used to treat complex drug resistant infections and how this knowledge can be used to identify, prioritize and dose agents that may be better tolerated in pediatric populations; and (ii) the chemistry and suitability of new drugs in the clinical development pipeline for tuberculosis for the treatment of pediatric infections indicating several new agents may offer significant improvements for the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in children.
Keywords: Pediatric tuberculosis, Tuberculosis, tuberculosis drug discovery.
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Advances in Drug Discovery and Development for Pediatric Tuberculosis
Volume: 16 Issue: 6
Author(s): Daniel Hoagland, Ying Zhao and Richard E. Lee
Affiliation:
Keywords: Pediatric tuberculosis, Tuberculosis, tuberculosis drug discovery.
Abstract: Pediatric tuberculosis is an underappreciated global epidemic estimated to afflict around half a million children worldwide. This problem has historically been overlooked, due in part to their low social status and the difficulty in diagnosis of tuberculosis in children. Children are more susceptible to tuberculosis infection and disease progression, including rapid dissemination into extrapulmonary infection sites. Treatment of pediatric tuberculosis infections has been traditionally built around agents used to treat the adult disease, but the disease pathology, drug pharmacokinetics and the safety window in children differs from the adult disease. This produces additional concerns for drug discovery and development of new agents. This review examines: (i) the safety concerns for current front and second line agents used to treat complex drug resistant infections and how this knowledge can be used to identify, prioritize and dose agents that may be better tolerated in pediatric populations; and (ii) the chemistry and suitability of new drugs in the clinical development pipeline for tuberculosis for the treatment of pediatric infections indicating several new agents may offer significant improvements for the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in children.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Hoagland Daniel, Zhao Ying and Lee E. Richard, Advances in Drug Discovery and Development for Pediatric Tuberculosis, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 16 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557515666150722101723
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557515666150722101723 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry
The thematic issue "Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry" provides a robust platform for delving into state-of-the-art computational methodologies and technologies that significantly propel advancements in medicinal chemistry. This edition seeks to amalgamate top-tier reviews spotlighting the latest trends and breakthroughs in the fusion of computational approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI) ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer?s, Parkinson?s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
Natural Products in Drug Discovery
Natural products have always been one of the important ways of drug discovery due to their novel skeleton and diverse functional group characteristics. According to statistics, between 1981 and 2019, the FDA approved a total of 1,394 small molecule drugs for marketing, of which 930 marketed drugs originated from the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Flavonoids Acting on DNA Topoisomerases: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Understanding Recognition and Self-assembly in Biology using the Chemist´s Toolbox. Insight into Medicinal Chemistry
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry From Bone Marrow Transplantation to Cellular Therapies: Possible Therapeutic Strategies in Managing Autoimmune Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Synthetic Routes and Biological Activities of Benzofuran and its Derivatives: A Review
Letters in Organic Chemistry Significant Induction of Soluble TNFR2 Compared with TNFR1 in Serum Samples of HIV Patients with or without Antiretroviral Medication
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets 1,8-Naphthyridine Derivatives: A Privileged Scaffold for Versatile Biological Activities
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry miR-202 Mediates Metabolic Shift in Lung Cancer Cells via Targeting HK2
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Do You See What I See: Recognition of Protozoan Parasites by Toll-Like Receptors
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Recent Advances and Future Perspectives of Triazole Analogs as Promising Antiviral Agents
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) as Therapeutic Target for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Current Drug Targets The TLR4 ASP299GLY Polymorphism is a Risk Factor for Active Tuberculosis in Caucasian HIV-Infected Patients
Current HIV Research Subject Index to Volume 10
Current Pharmaceutical Design Identification of Active Phytochemical from Traditional Herbal Knowledge-base Targeting Pantothenate Synthetase for Anti-tuberculosis Therapy
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Artemisia Species as Potential Weapon Against Agents and Agricultural Pests
Current Biotechnology A Novel Support Vector Machine Classifier Using Soft Computing Approach for Automated Classification of Emphysema, Bronchiectasis and Pleural Effusion Using Optimized Gabor Filter
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Editorial from Guest Editor (Thematic Issue: Current Approaches and Models to Develop and Evaluate New Vaccines and Drugs Against Tuberculosis)
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 3-Phenyl-1H-Indole-5-Sulfonamides: Structure-Based Drug Design of a Promising Class of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Response to HAART in Treatment-Naive HIV-Infected Patients with a Prior Diagnosis of Tuberculosis or other Opportunistic Infections
Current HIV Research Integrating the Universe of Effector and Regulatory Immune Cell Subsets: An Emerging Role of Protein-Glycan Interactions
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Ribonucleotide Reductase: A Critical Enzyme for Cancer Chemotherapy and Antiviral Agents
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery