Title:Progress in Immunotherapy of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
VOLUME: 9 ISSUE: 3
Author(s):Salah Almokadem
Affiliation:Penn State Hershey Medical center, 500 University Dr. CH 72, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Keywords:Checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, HNSCC, immune system, immunotherapy, PD-1.
Abstract:Squamous cell carcinoma of the mucosal surfaces of the head and neck area
exhibits a complex interaction with the host immune system that plays an important
part in the evolution of the malignant process, in the resistance to different therapeutic
modalities, and the ability of tumor cells to metastasize to distant organs. The recent
advances in tumor immunology have transformed the field in onco-immunology from
using non-specific immune-stimulant agents such as interferon and interleukins to the
area of rationally targeted immunotherapy such as immune checkpoint inhibitors,
which have shown promising results in early phase clinical trials.
