Abstract
Selenium and iodine are essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and function. Selenium, in form of selenocysteine, is found either in the catalytic center of enzymes involved in the protection of the thyroid gland from free radicals originating during thyroid hormone synthesis, and in three different iodothyronine deiodinases catalyzing the activation and the inactivation of thyroid hormones. Iodine is an essential constituent of thyroid hormones and its deficiency causes different disorders that include goiter, hypothyroidism, reduced fertility and alteration in growth, physical and neurological development. These two micronutrients could be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases, a spectrum of pathological conditions including Hashimoto’s thryoiditis, post-partum thyroiditis, the so-called painless thyroiditis, Graves’ disease and Graves’ ophtalmopathy. Aim of this paper is to review the role played by selenium and iodine in autoimmune thyroiditis.
Keywords: Autoimmune thyroid disorders, autoimmune thyroiditis, iodine intake, selenium intake, selenoproteins.
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Selenium and Iodine in Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Volume: 15 Issue: 4
Author(s): Edoardo Guastamacchia, Vito Angelo Giagulli, Brunella Licchelli and Vincenzo Triggiani
Affiliation:
Keywords: Autoimmune thyroid disorders, autoimmune thyroiditis, iodine intake, selenium intake, selenoproteins.
Abstract: Selenium and iodine are essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and function. Selenium, in form of selenocysteine, is found either in the catalytic center of enzymes involved in the protection of the thyroid gland from free radicals originating during thyroid hormone synthesis, and in three different iodothyronine deiodinases catalyzing the activation and the inactivation of thyroid hormones. Iodine is an essential constituent of thyroid hormones and its deficiency causes different disorders that include goiter, hypothyroidism, reduced fertility and alteration in growth, physical and neurological development. These two micronutrients could be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases, a spectrum of pathological conditions including Hashimoto’s thryoiditis, post-partum thyroiditis, the so-called painless thyroiditis, Graves’ disease and Graves’ ophtalmopathy. Aim of this paper is to review the role played by selenium and iodine in autoimmune thyroiditis.
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Cite this article as:
Guastamacchia Edoardo, Giagulli Angelo Vito, Licchelli Brunella and Triggiani Vincenzo, Selenium and Iodine in Autoimmune Thyroiditis, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2015; 15 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530315666150619094242
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530315666150619094242 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
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