Abstract
Coumarins are a large group of substances, primarily of plant origin. Like their more intensively examined congeners flavonoids, many of them are antioxidants. Although such properties may be advantageous in cardiovascular diseases, it has been shown that coumarins exhibit direct effects on the cardiovascular system which are not based on antioxidant activity. The most common example is the well-known drug warfarin, a synthetic compound derived from natural dicoumarol. Moreover, other coumarins have been shown to possess antiplatelet and vasodilatory potential. Interestingly, the former effect may be mediated by the inhibition of various pathways leading to platelet aggregation, their differing effects on those pathways being due to structural differences between the various coumarins. Conversely, their vasodilatory potential is linked in the majority of cases to the inhibition of increases in intracellular calcium concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells, and in several coumarins also to NO-mediated vasodilatation. Available data on both activities are summarized in this review. At the end of this review, relevant data are provided from a few studies testing the in vivo effects of coumarins on major cardiovascular diseases; the clinical use of warfarin and other coumarin anticoagulants, as well as the limited data on the clinical use of coumarins in chronic venous insufficiency and the possible toxicological effects of coumarins.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Antiplatelet, Cardiovascular, Coumarin, Vasodilation, Warfarin.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Cardiovascular Effects of Coumarins Besides their Antioxidant Activity
Volume: 15 Issue: 9
Author(s): Iveta Najmanova, Martin Dosedel, Radomir Hrdina, Pavel Anzenbacher, Tomas Filipsky, Michal Riha and Premysl Mladenka
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antioxidant, Antiplatelet, Cardiovascular, Coumarin, Vasodilation, Warfarin.
Abstract: Coumarins are a large group of substances, primarily of plant origin. Like their more intensively examined congeners flavonoids, many of them are antioxidants. Although such properties may be advantageous in cardiovascular diseases, it has been shown that coumarins exhibit direct effects on the cardiovascular system which are not based on antioxidant activity. The most common example is the well-known drug warfarin, a synthetic compound derived from natural dicoumarol. Moreover, other coumarins have been shown to possess antiplatelet and vasodilatory potential. Interestingly, the former effect may be mediated by the inhibition of various pathways leading to platelet aggregation, their differing effects on those pathways being due to structural differences between the various coumarins. Conversely, their vasodilatory potential is linked in the majority of cases to the inhibition of increases in intracellular calcium concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells, and in several coumarins also to NO-mediated vasodilatation. Available data on both activities are summarized in this review. At the end of this review, relevant data are provided from a few studies testing the in vivo effects of coumarins on major cardiovascular diseases; the clinical use of warfarin and other coumarin anticoagulants, as well as the limited data on the clinical use of coumarins in chronic venous insufficiency and the possible toxicological effects of coumarins.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Najmanova Iveta, Dosedel Martin, Hrdina Radomir, Anzenbacher Pavel, Filipsky Tomas, Riha Michal and Mladenka Premysl, Cardiovascular Effects of Coumarins Besides their Antioxidant Activity, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 15 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150220112437
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150220112437 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Renal Protective Effect of Metabolic Therapy in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes: From Bench to Bed Side
Current Pharmaceutical Design Discovery of Anticoagulant Drugs: A Historical Perspective
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Molecular Delivery of Plasmids for Genetic Vaccination
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Neuropeptides and Other Chemical Mediators, and the Role of Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Primary Headaches
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Anti-Platelet Therapy and Aspirin Resistance – Clinically and Chemically Relevant?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Applicability of Conditioning Techniques in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Review of the Literature
Current Cardiology Reviews Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Fixed Dose Combination of Ceftazidime-Tobramycin in Comparison with Ceftazidime in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Current Clinical Pharmacology Drugs Affecting Blood Pressure Variability: An Update
Current Pharmaceutical Design Translational Insight Into Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) From Female Monkeys with PCOS-like Traits
Current Pharmaceutical Design Stem Cell-Mediated Gene Delivering for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia: Progress and Prospectives
Current Drug Targets Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation: Concepts and Controversies
Current Cardiology Reviews Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Hepatorenal Syndrome: From Classic to New Drugs
Current Vascular Pharmacology Enzyme Inhibition and Induction in Liver Disease
Current Clinical Pharmacology Hyperhomocysteinaemia: A Critical Review of Old and New Aspects
Current Drug Metabolism Pharmacological and Cellular Therapies to Prevent Restenosis after Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stenting
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Local Physiological Regulation and Modern Treatments in Gynaecology
Current Women`s Health Reviews The Heart and Brain Imaging in Lone Atrial Fibrillation – Are We Surprised?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Dermatologic Disorders
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Intracoronary Brachytherapy - Clinical State and Pathophysiological Considerations
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nummular Eczema: An Updated Review
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery