Abstract
Glioblastoma (grade IV astrocytoma) is an aggressive and incurable form of brain tumor. It invariably shows extensive invasion at the time of diagnosis, often involving both hemispheres. Recent studies have given us a very detailed picture of glioblastoma genetics. These paint a picture of a disease with extensive heterogeneity, both between patients and within individual patients. This within patient heterogeneity presents a major challenge in the design of targeted therapies. One approach is to identify targets that are common downstream elements in signaling pathways that are aberrantly activated in glioblastoma. Here we review the evidence that the atypical protein kinase C family member PKCι may fulfill this role. Our current understanding of PKCι activation mechanisms is discussed and related to common genetic changes in glioblastoma. The data showing an essential role for PKCι in multiple aspects of glioblastoma pathology are also reviewed. Finally, data on the role of PKCι in normal brain function are reviewed for insights into potential side effects of PKCι inhibition in the central nervous system.
Keywords: Atypical protein kinase C, glioblastoma, glioma, PKCι, PKCζ, PTEN
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Title:Atypical PKCι as Target for Glioblastoma Therapy
Volume: 15 Issue: 2
Author(s): Ian A.J. Lorimer
Affiliation:
Keywords: Atypical protein kinase C, glioblastoma, glioma, PKCι, PKCζ, PTEN
Abstract: Glioblastoma (grade IV astrocytoma) is an aggressive and incurable form of brain tumor. It invariably shows extensive invasion at the time of diagnosis, often involving both hemispheres. Recent studies have given us a very detailed picture of glioblastoma genetics. These paint a picture of a disease with extensive heterogeneity, both between patients and within individual patients. This within patient heterogeneity presents a major challenge in the design of targeted therapies. One approach is to identify targets that are common downstream elements in signaling pathways that are aberrantly activated in glioblastoma. Here we review the evidence that the atypical protein kinase C family member PKCι may fulfill this role. Our current understanding of PKCι activation mechanisms is discussed and related to common genetic changes in glioblastoma. The data showing an essential role for PKCι in multiple aspects of glioblastoma pathology are also reviewed. Finally, data on the role of PKCι in normal brain function are reviewed for insights into potential side effects of PKCι inhibition in the central nervous system.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lorimer A.J. Ian, Atypical PKCι as Target for Glioblastoma Therapy, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2015; 15 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009615666150201220250
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009615666150201220250 |
Print ISSN 1568-0096 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5576 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Cancer Biomarkers and Potential Drug Targets: From Diagnosis to Therapy
Cancer biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. They provide valuable information for cancer detection, risk assessment, treatment selection, and monitoring response to therapy. With advancements in molecular biology and high-throughput technologies, there has been an increasing interest in identifying and characterizing cancer biomarkers ...read more
Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Target Drug Resistant Tumors
With the development of disciplines such as chemical biology and molecular biology, the genes or proteins closely related to tumor occurrence and development have gradually become clear. Targeted therapies targeting these genes or proteins provide more effective methods for tumor treatment. Tumor targeted drugs generally only act on specific targets ...read more
ROLE OF IMMUNE AND GENOTOXIC RESPONSE BIOMARKERS IN TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT IN CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Biological biomarkers have been used in medical research as an indicator of a normal or abnormal process inside the body, or of a disease. Nowadays, various researchers are in process to explore and investigate the biological markers for the early assessment of cancer. DNA Damage response (DDR) pathways and immune ...read more
Targeting the battlefield between host and tumor: basic research and clinical practice on reshaping tumor immune microenvironment
Immune system protects host against malignant tumors through effector cells and molecules. Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which either promotes or suppresses cancer progression. Chronic inflammation facilitates cancer progression and treatment resistance, whereas induction of acute inflammatory reactions often lead to anti-cancer immune responses. ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Lifestyle Factors and MicroRNAs: A New Paradigm in Cancer Chemoprevention
MicroRNA Drug Combinations Enhancing the Antineoplastic Effects of Erlotinib in High-Grade Glioma
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Identification of Novel Drug Targets for Angiostatic Cancer Therapy; It Takes Two to Tango
Current Pharmaceutical Design In vivo Radiosensitization of Human Glioma U87 Cells Induced by Upregulated Expression of DUSP-2 after Treatment with Curcumin
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Meet Our Editorial Board Member
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor (PBR) New Insight in Cell Proliferation and Cell Differentiation Review
Current Clinical Pharmacology Dendritic Cells in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: The Currently Available Information and Possibilities to use Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapeutic Approaches
Current Pharmaceutical Design Central Nervous System Vasculitis: Still More Questions than Answers
Current Neuropharmacology Targeting Matrix Metalloproteinases in Inflammatory Conditions
Current Drug Targets Ex Vivo Gene Therapy and Vision
Current Gene Therapy Strategies of overcoming the physiological barriers for tumor-targeted nano-sized drug delivery systems
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current Prodrug Design for Drug Discovery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Somatostatin: A Hormone for the Heart?
Current Vascular Pharmacology A Review of the Primer Approximation Multiplex PCR (PAMP) Technique for Detecting Large Scale Cancer Genomic Lesions
Current Bioinformatics Therapeutic Targeting of Cancers with Loss of PTEN Function
Current Drug Targets Role of Pancreatic β-Cell Death and Cell Death-Associated Inflammation in Diabetes
Current Molecular Medicine Modulating the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Signaling Pathway: Applications From Cardiovascular Disease to Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: Molecular and Biological Activity as a Premise to Clinical Application
Current Drug Metabolism Chemical Variability and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of the Aerial Parts of Ammoides verticillata and the Roots of Carthamus caeruleus and their Synergistic Effect in Combination
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Editorial [Hot Topic: Nongenomic Effects of Thyroid Hormones in Central Nervous System and Skeletal Muscle (Guest Editor: Sandra Incerpi)]
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued)