Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which the progressive destruction of joint causes morbidity. It is also associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, which can result in cardiovascular disease and mortality. The therapeutic goal is to control the systemic inflammation to obtain not only the remission of symptoms, but also improve general state of health. Although recent biologic immunosuppressive therapies targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines have spawned a paradigm shift regarding the prognosis of RA, these therapies possess inherent side effects. Also, early diagnosis of the disease remains confounded by uncertainty. While the mechanisms responsible for the onset of RA remain unclear, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of RA. ROS play a central role both upstream and downstream of NF-κB and TNFα pathways, which are located at the center of the inflammatory response. Among the ROS, the hydroxyl radical is the most harmful, and molecular hydrogen (H2) is a selective scavenger for this species. Recently, it has been shown that H2 is useful when administered along with the conventional therapy in RA as it acts to reduce oxidative stress in the patients. Especially in the early stage, H2 showed significant therapeutic potential, which also seemed to assist diagnosis and treatment decisions of RA. The possible expectations regarding the potential benefits of H2 by reducing the oxidative stress, resulting from inflammatory factors, are raised and discussed here. They include prevention of RA and related atherosclerosis, as well as therapeutic validity for RA.
Keywords: Rheumatoid, atherosclerosis, prevention, Oxidative Stress, 5 ppm, Molecular Hydrogen, 8-hydroxylguanine, Hydroxyl Radical.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Molecular Hydrogen: New Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Diseases
Volume: 19 Issue: 35
Author(s): Toru Ishibashi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Rheumatoid, atherosclerosis, prevention, Oxidative Stress, 5 ppm, Molecular Hydrogen, 8-hydroxylguanine, Hydroxyl Radical.
Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which the progressive destruction of joint causes morbidity. It is also associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, which can result in cardiovascular disease and mortality. The therapeutic goal is to control the systemic inflammation to obtain not only the remission of symptoms, but also improve general state of health. Although recent biologic immunosuppressive therapies targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines have spawned a paradigm shift regarding the prognosis of RA, these therapies possess inherent side effects. Also, early diagnosis of the disease remains confounded by uncertainty. While the mechanisms responsible for the onset of RA remain unclear, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of RA. ROS play a central role both upstream and downstream of NF-κB and TNFα pathways, which are located at the center of the inflammatory response. Among the ROS, the hydroxyl radical is the most harmful, and molecular hydrogen (H2) is a selective scavenger for this species. Recently, it has been shown that H2 is useful when administered along with the conventional therapy in RA as it acts to reduce oxidative stress in the patients. Especially in the early stage, H2 showed significant therapeutic potential, which also seemed to assist diagnosis and treatment decisions of RA. The possible expectations regarding the potential benefits of H2 by reducing the oxidative stress, resulting from inflammatory factors, are raised and discussed here. They include prevention of RA and related atherosclerosis, as well as therapeutic validity for RA.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ishibashi Toru, Molecular Hydrogen: New Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Diseases, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (35) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990507
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990507 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Dialogue Between Endothelial Cells and Monocytes/Macrophages in Vascular Syndromes
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Blockade of IL-6 Signaling in Rational Drug Design
Current Pharmaceutical Design Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Current Drug Targets Editorial [Hot Topic: Choosing between Targeted Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients (Guest Editor: Filip De Keyser)]
Current Rheumatology Reviews Combined Dyslipidemia: Should the Focus be LDL Cholesterol or Atherogenic Dyslipidemia?
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Genetic Landscapes of Inflammation-Driven Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers
Current Pharmaceutical Design MDM2 Inhibitors for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Phosphonamide-Based Metalloproteinase Inhibitors: A New Approach to the Development of Safer Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents The Need for Physiologically Relevant Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) Ligands
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Therapeutic Proteins in Tumors and Targeted Therapeutic Agents for Cancer Patients
Protein & Peptide Letters Therapeutic Targets in Extracellular Protein Deposition Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Regenerative Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous (SHED) Teeth during Engineering of Human Body Tissues
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Absorption, Disposition and Pharmacokinetics of Nanoemulsions
Current Drug Metabolism From A Formal Training Program In Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (MSUS) To A High Reproducibility for MSUS Ultrasound In Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Rheumatology Reviews Fused Azolo-Quinoxalines: Candidates for Medicinal Chemistry. A Review of their Biological Applications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Protective Potential of Uric Acid, Folic Acid, Glutathione and Ascorbic Acid Against the Formation of Toxic Met-Myoglobin
Protein & Peptide Letters Editorial (Thematic Issue: The Urgent Need to Reform the Present System of Medicines’ Regulation)
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Methotrexate and Vasculoprotection: Mechanistic Insights and Potential Therapeutic Applications in Old Age
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vitamin D in Acute Kidney Injury
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Muscle Atrophy Classification: The Need for a Pathway-Driven Approach
Current Pharmaceutical Design