Abstract
Addictions are chronic relapsing brain diseases, with behavioral manifestations. Three main factors contribute to the development of an addiction: environment, including stress, the reinforcing effects of the drug, and genetics. In this review we will discuss the involvement of the dysregulation of the stress responsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the acquisition of, and persistence to drug addiction (Section B). Addictions to specific drugs such as cocaine/psychostimulants, alcohol, and mu-opioid receptor agonists (e.g., heroin) have some common direct or downstream effects, including modulation of dopaminergic systems. Through its action on the dopaminergic signaling pathways, cocaine affects the HPA axis, and brain nuclei responsible for movements, and rewarding effects. Several neurobiological systems have been implicated with cocaine addiction, including dopamine, serotonin and glutamate systems, opioid receptor and opioid neuropeptide gene systems, stress-responsive systems including CRF, vasopressin and orexin. The use of animal models (Sections C and D) has been essential for studying the individual vulnerabilities to the effects of drugs of abuse and the neural pathways and neurotransmitters affected by these drugs. Basic clinical research has revealed important relationship between cocaine use, HPA axis responsiveness, and gender (Section E). Finally, we will discuss gene polymorphisms that are associated with drug use (Section F).
Results from animal models and basic clinical research have shown important interactions between the dopaminergic and the opioid systems. Hence, compounds modulating the opioid system may be beneficial in treating cocaine addiction.
Keywords: Cocaine, Stress responsivity, IVSA, HPA axis, CRF, AVP, Dyn, OX, addiction
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Addictions and Stress: Clues for Cocaine Pharmacotherapies
Volume: 19 Issue: 40
Author(s): R. Picetti, S. D. Schlussman, Y. Zhou, B. Ray, E. Ducat, V. Yuferov and M. J. Kreek
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cocaine, Stress responsivity, IVSA, HPA axis, CRF, AVP, Dyn, OX, addiction
Abstract: Addictions are chronic relapsing brain diseases, with behavioral manifestations. Three main factors contribute to the development of an addiction: environment, including stress, the reinforcing effects of the drug, and genetics. In this review we will discuss the involvement of the dysregulation of the stress responsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the acquisition of, and persistence to drug addiction (Section B). Addictions to specific drugs such as cocaine/psychostimulants, alcohol, and mu-opioid receptor agonists (e.g., heroin) have some common direct or downstream effects, including modulation of dopaminergic systems. Through its action on the dopaminergic signaling pathways, cocaine affects the HPA axis, and brain nuclei responsible for movements, and rewarding effects. Several neurobiological systems have been implicated with cocaine addiction, including dopamine, serotonin and glutamate systems, opioid receptor and opioid neuropeptide gene systems, stress-responsive systems including CRF, vasopressin and orexin. The use of animal models (Sections C and D) has been essential for studying the individual vulnerabilities to the effects of drugs of abuse and the neural pathways and neurotransmitters affected by these drugs. Basic clinical research has revealed important relationship between cocaine use, HPA axis responsiveness, and gender (Section E). Finally, we will discuss gene polymorphisms that are associated with drug use (Section F).
Results from animal models and basic clinical research have shown important interactions between the dopaminergic and the opioid systems. Hence, compounds modulating the opioid system may be beneficial in treating cocaine addiction.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Picetti R., Schlussman D. S., Zhou Y., Ray B., Ducat E., Yuferov V. and Kreek J. M., Addictions and Stress: Clues for Cocaine Pharmacotherapies, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (40) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990610
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990610 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Can Targeted Therapy be Successful without Metronomic Scheduling ?
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Novel Aspects in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Current Molecular Medicine Novel Therapeutic Strategies for the Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Research Advances in Neuroblastoma Immunotherapy
Current Pediatric Reviews Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cartilage Tissue Engineering- Part 1
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Pharmacokinetics of Biotech Drugs: Peptides, Proteins and Monoclonal Antibodies
Current Drug Metabolism PERK-opathies: An Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mechanism Underlying Neurodegeneration
Current Alzheimer Research Regulation of Inflammation: A Review of Recent Advances in Anti- Inflammatory Strategies
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Pharmaceutical Targeting of the Brain
Current Pharmaceutical Design Drugs of Abuse-Induced Hyperthermia, Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Neurotoxicity: Neuroprotective Effects of a New Antioxidant Compound H-290/51
Current Pharmaceutical Design Patient-derived Tumor Models for Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas
Current Neuropharmacology Commentary: Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) Therapy for Patients with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH)-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases of the CNS
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets A Key Role for Connexin Hemichannels in Spreading Ischemic Brain Injury
Current Drug Targets CT Image Reconstruction Using NLMfuzzyCD Regularization Method
Current Medical Imaging Emerging Concepts in the Analysis of Mitochondrial Genome Instability
Current Genomics Approaches to the Pharmacological Modulation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Clofarabine as a Novel Nucleoside Analogue Approved to Treat Patients with Haematological Malignancies: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Activity
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO): Biology and Target in Cancer Immunotherapies
Current Cancer Drug Targets Controlled Drug Delivery Using Microdevices
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Towards the Molecular Foundations of Glutamatergic-targeted Antidepressants
Current Neuropharmacology