Abstract
In the oral cavity, taste receptor cells dedicate to detecting chemical compounds in foodstuffs and transmitting their signals to gustatory nerve fibers. Heretofore, five taste qualities (sweet, umami, bitter, salty and sour) are generally accepted as basic tastes. Each of these may have a specific role in the detection of nutritious and poisonous substances; sweet for carbohydrate sources of calories, umami for protein and amino acid contents, bitter for harmful compounds, salty for minerals and sour for ripeness of fruits and spoiled foods. Recent studies have revealed molecular mechanisms for reception and transduction of these five basic tastes. Sweet, umami and bitter tastes are mediated by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and second-messenger signaling cascades. Salty and sour tastes are mediated by channel-type receptors. In addition to five basic tastes, taste receptor cells may have the ability to detect fat taste, which is elicited by fatty acids, and calcium taste, which is elicited by calcium. Taste compounds eliciting either fat taste or calcium taste may be detected by specific GPCRs expressed in taste receptor cells. This review will focus on transduction mechanisms and cellular characteristics responsible for each of basic tastes, fat taste and calcium taste.
Keywords: Taste receptor, transduction, cell type, taste quality, fat taste and calcium taste.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Taste Transductions in Taste Receptor Cells: Basic Tastes and Moreover
Volume: 20 Issue: 16
Author(s): Shusuke Iwata, Ryusuke Yoshida and Yuzo Ninomiya
Affiliation:
Keywords: Taste receptor, transduction, cell type, taste quality, fat taste and calcium taste.
Abstract: In the oral cavity, taste receptor cells dedicate to detecting chemical compounds in foodstuffs and transmitting their signals to gustatory nerve fibers. Heretofore, five taste qualities (sweet, umami, bitter, salty and sour) are generally accepted as basic tastes. Each of these may have a specific role in the detection of nutritious and poisonous substances; sweet for carbohydrate sources of calories, umami for protein and amino acid contents, bitter for harmful compounds, salty for minerals and sour for ripeness of fruits and spoiled foods. Recent studies have revealed molecular mechanisms for reception and transduction of these five basic tastes. Sweet, umami and bitter tastes are mediated by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and second-messenger signaling cascades. Salty and sour tastes are mediated by channel-type receptors. In addition to five basic tastes, taste receptor cells may have the ability to detect fat taste, which is elicited by fatty acids, and calcium taste, which is elicited by calcium. Taste compounds eliciting either fat taste or calcium taste may be detected by specific GPCRs expressed in taste receptor cells. This review will focus on transduction mechanisms and cellular characteristics responsible for each of basic tastes, fat taste and calcium taste.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Iwata Shusuke, Yoshida Ryusuke and Ninomiya Yuzo, Taste Transductions in Taste Receptor Cells: Basic Tastes and Moreover, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2014; 20 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990575
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990575 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Adenoid Hypertrophy, Craniofacial Growth and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Crucial Triad in Children
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Impact of Postprandial Remnant Lipoproteins on Coronary Artery Disease
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Nephro-Protective Effect of Cortex Lycii Radicis Extracts in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Neurotrophic Factors - A Tool for Therapeutic Strategies in Neurological,Neuropsychiatric and Neuroimmunological Diseases?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pathological Role of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and their Receptor Axis in Atrial Fibrillation
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Measuring Glycaemic Variation
Current Diabetes Reviews Current Options and Perspectives in the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design In Vivo Hypoglycemic Studies of Polyherbal Phytoceuticals, Their Pharmacokinetic Studies and Dose Extrapolation by Allometric Scaling
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Energetic Metabolic Roles in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Right Ventricular Remodeling
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel of Intermediate Conductance:A Molecular Target for Novel Treatments?
Current Drug Targets PPARs and Diabetes-Associated Atherosclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Synthesis and Investigation on the Antidiabetic Effect of 3-aryl-1-(5-methylisoxazol-3-ylamino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl) Propan-1-one
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Major Depressive Disorder and Diabetes: Does Serotonin Bridge the Gap?
Current Diabetes Reviews Preface [Hot topic: Anti-Hypertensive Agents in Relation to Modifying Coronary Risk Factors (Executive Editor : Aurelio Leone)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Trends in the Design of Enzyme-based Biosensors for Medical Applications
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Reversing Breast Cancer Stem Cell into Breast Somatic Stem Cell
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Herbal Medicines for Diabetes Management and its Secondary Complications
Current Diabetes Reviews Steatohepatitis in HIV-Infected Subjects: Pathogenesis, Clinical Impact and Implications in Clinical Management
Current HIV Research Cytochrome P450 and Steatosis
Current Drug Metabolism Targeted Metabolomics Reveals Hippurate as a Urinary Potential Marker for Diabetic Nephropathy
Current Metabolomics