Abstract
Throughout life, neuronal network properties are modulated according to both external and internal stimuli. These adaptive capabilities of the central nervous system (CNS) have been generically termed “plasticity”. One prominent form of CNS plasticity is the capability of synapses to change their strength. Synaptic strength is not a constant value but depends at each moment on the synapse’s past activity. These changes in transmission efficacy are called activity-dependent synaptic plasticity (ADSP) and result in an increase (potentiation) or a decrease (depression) in synaptic strength. The ability of synapses to express one type of ADSP can change as a function of previous plasticity and previous activation of synapses. This plasticity of synaptic plasticity has been termed metaplasticity. ADSP and metaplasticity are now regarded as essential mechanisms for normal information processing in neuronal networks.
Rhythmic activities such as locomotion are generated by rhythmically active central neuronal networks called central pattern generators (CPGs) that possess the intrinsic ability to generate rhythmic and organized activity in the absence of sensory inputs. The CPG activity arises from a complex dynamic interaction between synaptic transmission, intrinsic membrane properties and neuromodulatory inputs. A growing body of evidence suggests that the spinal cord matches the plastic and metaplastic properties found in other parts of the CNS, both under normal conditions and after spinal cord injury.
Here, findings describing ADSP and its neuromodulation in vertebrate sensorimotor networks are reviewed, followed by a discussion of the potential role of ADSP and neuromodulation in the physiology and pathophysiology of motor circuit assembly.
Keywords: Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, LTP, metaplasticity, post-tetanic potentiation, post-activation depression, spinal cord, locomotion.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Activity-dependent Synaptic Plasticity and Metaplasticity in Spinal Motor Networks
Volume: 19 Issue: 24
Author(s): Sandrine S. Bertrand and Jean-Rene Cazalets
Affiliation:
Keywords: Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, LTP, metaplasticity, post-tetanic potentiation, post-activation depression, spinal cord, locomotion.
Abstract: Throughout life, neuronal network properties are modulated according to both external and internal stimuli. These adaptive capabilities of the central nervous system (CNS) have been generically termed “plasticity”. One prominent form of CNS plasticity is the capability of synapses to change their strength. Synaptic strength is not a constant value but depends at each moment on the synapse’s past activity. These changes in transmission efficacy are called activity-dependent synaptic plasticity (ADSP) and result in an increase (potentiation) or a decrease (depression) in synaptic strength. The ability of synapses to express one type of ADSP can change as a function of previous plasticity and previous activation of synapses. This plasticity of synaptic plasticity has been termed metaplasticity. ADSP and metaplasticity are now regarded as essential mechanisms for normal information processing in neuronal networks.
Rhythmic activities such as locomotion are generated by rhythmically active central neuronal networks called central pattern generators (CPGs) that possess the intrinsic ability to generate rhythmic and organized activity in the absence of sensory inputs. The CPG activity arises from a complex dynamic interaction between synaptic transmission, intrinsic membrane properties and neuromodulatory inputs. A growing body of evidence suggests that the spinal cord matches the plastic and metaplastic properties found in other parts of the CNS, both under normal conditions and after spinal cord injury.
Here, findings describing ADSP and its neuromodulation in vertebrate sensorimotor networks are reviewed, followed by a discussion of the potential role of ADSP and neuromodulation in the physiology and pathophysiology of motor circuit assembly.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Bertrand S. Sandrine and Cazalets Jean-Rene, Activity-dependent Synaptic Plasticity and Metaplasticity in Spinal Motor Networks, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (24) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319240014
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319240014 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Astrocytic Signaling in Persistent Pain
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Remediation of Cellular Hypoxic Damage by Pharmacological Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Novel Possible Pharmaceutical Research Tools: Stem Cells, Gene Delivery and their Combination
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Blood-brain Barrier and the Outer Blood-retina Barrier
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Imaging Modalities in the Outcome Assessment of Knee Osteoarthritis
Current Rheumatology Reviews Wnt1 Inducible Signaling Pathway Protein 1 (WISP1) Blocks Neurodegeneration through Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase/Akt1 and Apoptotic Mitochondrial Signaling Involving Bad, Bax, Bim, and Bcl-xL
Current Neurovascular Research Intrathecal Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Mucopolysaccharidosis I: Translating Success in Animal Models to Patients
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Chemokine Receptors as Specific Anti-Inflammatory Targets in Peripheral Nerves
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Astrocytes Exert and Control Immune Responses in the Brain
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Lithium, a Therapy for AD: Current Evidence from Clinical Trials of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Alzheimer Research Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis as Target for the Treatment of Depression
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy In Vivo Imaging of the Diseased Nervous System: An Update
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pain Perception and Management: Where do We Stand?
Current Molecular Pharmacology Inhibition of Brain Phospholipase A2 by Antimalarial Drugs: Implications for Neuroprotection in Neurological Disorders
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Promotion of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Production by Sensory Neuron Stimulation; Molecular Mechanism(s) and Therapeutic Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry iPS Cell Transplantation for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy New Drugs for Epidural Analgesia
Current Drug Targets Nitric Oxide and Dietary Factors: Part V Summary/Conclusion and References
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Anesthesia and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry