Abstract
Exposing young rats to particles of high energy and charge, such as 56Fe, enhances indices of oxidative stress and inflammation and disrupts behavior, including spatial learning and memory. In the present study, we examined whether gene expression in the hippocampus, an area of the brain important in memory, is affected by exposure to 1.5 Gy or 2.5 Gy of 1 GeV/n high-energy 56Fe particles 36 hours after irradiation. We also determined if 8 weeks of pre-feeding with 2% blueberry or 2% strawberry antioxidant diets could ameliorate irradiation-induced changes in gene expression. Alterations in gene expression profile were analyzed by pathway-focused microarrays for inflammatory cytokines and genes involved in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathways. We found that genes that are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation of neurons were changed following irradiation. Genes that regulate apoptosis were up-regulated whereas genes that modulate cellular proliferation were down-regulated. The brains of animals supplemented with berry diets demonstrated an up-regulation of some protective stress signal genes. Therefore, these data suggest that 56Fe particle irradiation causes changes in gene expression in rats that are ameliorated by berry fruit diets.
Keywords: Berry, gene expression, high energy particles, hippocampus, irradiation, nuclear factor-kappa B
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Changes in Gene Expression in the Rat Hippocampus Following Exposure to 56Fe Particles and Protection by Berry Diets
Volume: 13 Issue: 1
Author(s): Barbara Shukitt-Hale, Francis C. Lau, Vivian Cheng, Katharine Luskin, Amanda N. Carey, Kirsty Carrihill-Knoll, Bernard M. Rabin and James A. Joseph
Affiliation:
Keywords: Berry, gene expression, high energy particles, hippocampus, irradiation, nuclear factor-kappa B
Abstract: Exposing young rats to particles of high energy and charge, such as 56Fe, enhances indices of oxidative stress and inflammation and disrupts behavior, including spatial learning and memory. In the present study, we examined whether gene expression in the hippocampus, an area of the brain important in memory, is affected by exposure to 1.5 Gy or 2.5 Gy of 1 GeV/n high-energy 56Fe particles 36 hours after irradiation. We also determined if 8 weeks of pre-feeding with 2% blueberry or 2% strawberry antioxidant diets could ameliorate irradiation-induced changes in gene expression. Alterations in gene expression profile were analyzed by pathway-focused microarrays for inflammatory cytokines and genes involved in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathways. We found that genes that are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation of neurons were changed following irradiation. Genes that regulate apoptosis were up-regulated whereas genes that modulate cellular proliferation were down-regulated. The brains of animals supplemented with berry diets demonstrated an up-regulation of some protective stress signal genes. Therefore, these data suggest that 56Fe particle irradiation causes changes in gene expression in rats that are ameliorated by berry fruit diets.
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Shukitt-Hale Barbara, C. Lau Francis, Cheng Vivian, Luskin Katharine, N. Carey Amanda, Carrihill-Knoll Kirsty, M. Rabin Bernard and A. Joseph James, Changes in Gene Expression in the Rat Hippocampus Following Exposure to 56Fe Particles and Protection by Berry Diets, Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 13 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871524911313010006
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871524911313010006 |
Print ISSN 1871-5249 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6166 |
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