Abstract
In the course of neurodegenerative disorders there are several mechanisms that may counteract the pathological process, mitigating the clinical manifestations of the disease. Usually referred as cognitive reserve hypothesis, this theoretical framework posits that individuals with enriched cognitive status (i.e. with higher educational and occupational levels and higher individual social achievement) may cope better with the occurrence of cognitive decline by a more efficient recruitment of neural networks sustaining higher-level functions. Cognitive reserve was initially studied in Alzheimer’s disease, but this concept has been soon after extended also to other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Frontotemporal Dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease, suggesting a general applicability of cortical plasticity phenomena in contrasting neurodegeneration. The neural underpinnings of these dynamic compensatory mechanisms open the possibility for strategic interventions based on environmental approaches. In this continuously growing field, the aim of the present review is to explore new acquisitions, derived from basic research and clinical grounds, on cognitive reserve mechanisms and the potential application as novel therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative diseases.
Keywords: Reserve mechanisms, cognitive reserve, neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Frontotemporal Lobar degeneration, MRI, PET, education, occupation
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Reserve Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Bench to Bedside and Back Again
Volume: 19 Issue: 36
Author(s): B. Borroni, E. Premi, M. Bozzali and A. Padovani
Affiliation:
Keywords: Reserve mechanisms, cognitive reserve, neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Frontotemporal Lobar degeneration, MRI, PET, education, occupation
Abstract: In the course of neurodegenerative disorders there are several mechanisms that may counteract the pathological process, mitigating the clinical manifestations of the disease. Usually referred as cognitive reserve hypothesis, this theoretical framework posits that individuals with enriched cognitive status (i.e. with higher educational and occupational levels and higher individual social achievement) may cope better with the occurrence of cognitive decline by a more efficient recruitment of neural networks sustaining higher-level functions. Cognitive reserve was initially studied in Alzheimer’s disease, but this concept has been soon after extended also to other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Frontotemporal Dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease, suggesting a general applicability of cortical plasticity phenomena in contrasting neurodegeneration. The neural underpinnings of these dynamic compensatory mechanisms open the possibility for strategic interventions based on environmental approaches. In this continuously growing field, the aim of the present review is to explore new acquisitions, derived from basic research and clinical grounds, on cognitive reserve mechanisms and the potential application as novel therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Borroni B., Premi E., Bozzali M. and Padovani A., Reserve Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Bench to Bedside and Back Again, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 19 (36) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867311209066112
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867311209066112 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Role of the Catechol-o-Methyltransferase (COMT) GeneVal158Met in Aggressive Behavior, a Review of Genetic Studies
Current Neuropharmacology Review of Bioinformatics and QSAR Studies of β-Secretase Inhibitors
Current Bioinformatics Macrophage Differentiation to Foam Cells
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endogenous Events Modulating Myogenic Regulation of Cerebrovascular Function
Current Vascular Pharmacology Elicitation of Immune Responsiveness Against Antigenic Challenge in Age- Related Diseases: Effects of Red Wine Polyphenols
Current Pharmaceutical Design Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity Triggers Gut Dysbiosis, Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunction, and Vulnerability for Dementia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Nano-biotechnology and its Innovative Perspective in Diabetes Management
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry tPA in the Central Nervous System: Relations Between tPA and Cell Surface LRPs
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Alzheimer’s Disease and its Related Dementia Types: A Review on Their Management <i>Via</i> Nanotechnology Based Therapeutic Strategies
Current Alzheimer Research Converging Perturbed Microvasculature and Microglial Clusters Characterize Alzheimer Disease Brain
Current Alzheimer Research Cognitive Function and the Ageing Process: The Peculiar Role of Mild Thyroid Failure
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Vertical and Horizontal Convergences of Targeting Pathways in Combination Therapy with Baicalin and Jasminoidin for Cerebral Ischemia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Proteomic Approaches Contributing to the Understanding of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Alzheimers Disease
Current Proteomics Structural Determinants of the Multifunctional Profile of Dual Binding Site Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors as Anti-Alzheimer Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Autism: Pathophysiology and Promising Herbal Remedies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Smoking and Cognition
Current Drug Abuse Reviews Nanoparticle Delivery of Transition-Metal Chelators to the Brain: Oxidative Stress will Never See it Coming!
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Big Science for Small Cells: Systems Approaches for Platelets
Current Drug Targets S100b Induces Expression of Myoglobin in APβ Treated Neuronal Cells In Vitro: A Possible Neuroprotective Mechanism
Current Aging Science Genetic Insights into Sporadic Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis
Current Genomics