Abstract
The elongated, snake-like skeleton, as it has convergently evolved in numerous reptilian and amphibian lineages, is from a developmental biologist’s point of view amongst the most fascinating anatomical peculiarities in the animal kingdom. This type of body plan is characterized by a greatly increased number of vertebrae, a reduction of skeletal regionalization along the primary body axis and loss of the limbs. Recent studies conducted on both mouse and snakes now hint at how changes inside the gene regulatory circuitries of the Hox genes and the somitogenesis clock likely underlie these striking departures from standard tetrapod morphology, suggesting scenarios by which snakes and other elongated species may have evolved from more ordinarily bodied ancestors.
Keywords: Snake, caecilian, body plan, hox, somitogenesis, limb, evo-devo, body elongation, skeletal regionalization, gene regulatory circuitries
Current Genomics
Title:From Lizard to Snake; Behind the Evolution of an Extreme Body Plan
Volume: 13 Issue: 4
Author(s): Joost M. Woltering
Affiliation:
Keywords: Snake, caecilian, body plan, hox, somitogenesis, limb, evo-devo, body elongation, skeletal regionalization, gene regulatory circuitries
Abstract: The elongated, snake-like skeleton, as it has convergently evolved in numerous reptilian and amphibian lineages, is from a developmental biologist’s point of view amongst the most fascinating anatomical peculiarities in the animal kingdom. This type of body plan is characterized by a greatly increased number of vertebrae, a reduction of skeletal regionalization along the primary body axis and loss of the limbs. Recent studies conducted on both mouse and snakes now hint at how changes inside the gene regulatory circuitries of the Hox genes and the somitogenesis clock likely underlie these striking departures from standard tetrapod morphology, suggesting scenarios by which snakes and other elongated species may have evolved from more ordinarily bodied ancestors.
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Cite this article as:
M. Woltering Joost, From Lizard to Snake; Behind the Evolution of an Extreme Body Plan, Current Genomics 2012; 13 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920212800793302
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920212800793302 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
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